Population-level factors associated with maternal mortality in the United States, 1997–2012

BMC Public Health

Table 2 Multilevel mixed-effects multivariable linear regression model of maternal mortality – United States, 1997–2012

Predictive Variable	Coefficient	95% CI	P value	Share of change in maternal mortality attributable to factor^a
Adoption of 2003 Revision of the U.S. Standard Certificate of Death by 2011	+ 6.26	[5.41–7.11]	<.001	31.1%
Proportion of women of childbearing age with BMI ≥ 30	+ 0.25	[0.15–0.34]	<.001	31.0%
Proportion of births to women with diabetes	+ 0.39	[0.04–0.75]	.03	17.0%
Proportion of women of childbearing age not having completed high school/GED	+ 0.17	[0.05–0.30]	.005	5.3%
Proportion of births to women who attended fewer than 10 prenatal visits	+ 0.07	[0.01–0.14]	.03	4.9%
Proportion of births to African American women	+ 0.20	[0.14–0.27]	<.001	2.0%

^aPercentages sum to 91.3% of the time trend in maternal mortality attributable to the factors retained in the most parsimonious final model. Candidate predictor variables for the multilevel mixed-effects multivariable model that had P > 0.05 were removed from the most parsimonious final model shown here. BMI: Body Mass Index; GED: General Equivalency Diploma

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