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Table 2 Logistic regression analyses on associations between sociodemographic factors and single types of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs)

From: How adverse childhood experiences relate to single and multiple health risk behaviours in German public university students: a cross-sectional analysis

Sociodemographic characteristics

PA

(n = 62)

EA

(n = 300)

PN

(n = 64)

EN

(n = 266)

SA

(n = 215)

SubA

(n = 184)

MI

(n = 453)

DV

(n = 473)

SD

(n = 408)

AD

(n = 262)

FP

(n = 150)

B

(n = 251)

PV

(n = 49)

OR

(95% CI)

OR

(95% CI)

OR

(95% CI)

OR

(95% CI)

OR

(95% CI)

OR

(95% CI)

OR

(95% CI)

OR

(95% CI)

OR

(95% CI)

OR

(95% CI)

OR

(95% CI)

OR

(95% CI)

OR

(95% CI)

Female (ref.: male)

1.65 (0.93–2.93)

1.36 (1.03–1.79)

0.86 (0.52–1.44)

0.88 (0.66–1.16)

1.98 (1.42–2.77)

1.05 (0.76–1.44)

0.97 (0.77–1.22)

0.92 (0.74–1.16)

1.02 (0.80–1.29)

0.92 (0.70–1.21)

1.27 (0.87–1.84)

0.50 (0.38–0.65)

0.22 (0.12–0.41)

Individual agea

1.01 (0.95–1.07)

1.00 (0.97–1.04)

0.99 (0.94–1.07)

1.07 (1.03–1.11)

0.96 (0.92–1.01)

1.01 (0.97–1.06)

1.01 (0.97–1.04)

1.03 (0.99–1.06)

1.05 (1.01–1.08)

1.03 (0.99–1.07)

1.02 (0.97–1.07)

1.02 (0.98–1.06)

1.0 (0.94–1.07)

Parental agea

1.04 (0.99–1.09)

1.03 (1.0–1.06)

1.06 (1.0–1.11)

0.99 (0.96–1.02)

1.07 (1.04–1.11)

1.03 (1.0–1.07)

1.02 (0.99–1.04)

1.01 (0.99–1.03)

0.95 (0.93–0.98)

1.01 (0.98–1.03)

0.97 (0.94–1.01)

1.04 (1.01–1.06)

1.08 (1.04–1.13)

Migration background (ref.: none)

3.91 (2.16–7.06)

1.92 (1.37–2.70)

0.62 (0.29–1.33)

2.11 (1.50–2.97)

0.92 (0.58–1.46)

1.11 (0.72–1.69)

1.19 (0.87–1.64)

2.29 (1.69–3.12)

0.67 (0.47–0.95)

1.13 (0.79–1.64)

1.46 (0.93–2.28)

1.0 (0.70–1.45)

1.20 (0.65–2.19)

Low parental education (ref.: high)

2.06 (1.15–3.67)

1.08 (0.81–1.45)

0.97 (0.56–1.67)

1.20 (0.90–1.61)

1.35 (0.96–1.91)

1.24 (0.88–1.73)

0.94 (0.73–1.20)

1.25 (0.98–1.60)

0.87 (0.67–1.13)

0.86 (0.64–1.16)

1.89 (1.30–2.76)

1.42 (1.08–1.87)

1.50 (0.92–2.47)

Family SESa

0.56 (0.39–0.80)

0.71 (0.60–0.85)

0.59 (0.43–0.82)

0.76 (0.63–0.91)

0.78 (0.63–0.97)

0.62 (0.50–0.77)

0.75 (0.64–0.87)

0.85 (0.73–0.99)

0.57 (0.48–0.67)

0.64 (0.54–0.77)

0.37 (0.29–0.47)

0.85 (0.71–1.01)

0.67 (0.49–0.92)

n

1403

1390

1396

1406

1405

1398

1367

1387

1411

1408

1406

1402

1397

R2

0.150

0.057

0.048

0.075

0.058

0.058

0.026

0.058

0.078

0.044

0.174

0.063

0.133

  1. Note: Logistical regression, weighted results; significant values (p < 0.05) are in bold; OR odds ratio, CI confidence interval, PA physical abuse, EA emotional abuse, PN physical neglect, EN emotional neglect, SA sexual abuse, SubA substance abuse by household member, MI mental illness in the household, SES socioeconomic status, DV domestic violence, SD parental separation or divorce, AD parental absence or death, FP serious financial problems, B bullying, PV peer violence, SES socioeconomic status; parental age: the parents’ age was calculated by averaging the age of both parents; family SES: low-high family socioeconomic status during childhood
  2. aVariables on individual age, parental age, and family SES were treated as metric variables in the regression models