Table 6 Multivariate logistic regression analysis to understand the impact perceived barriers have on AST behaviour while controlling for intrapersonal, interpersonal, and physical environmental factors

 Too far / Takes too much time

0.399

0.216–0.738

0.003

–

–

–

0.577

0.322–1.034

0.064

0.768

0.487–1.211

0.256

 Not enough bike paths

1.159

0.771–1.742

0.479

0.942

0.606–1.465

0.791

1.312

0.861–1.999

0.207

1.015

0.622–1.657

0.951

 Not enough sidewalks

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

0.861

0.577–1.285

0.464

 No bike rack

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

1.168

0.761–1.792

0.477

 Not lots of trees

–

–

–

0.766

0.589–0.998

0.048

–

–

–

–

–

–

 Route feels unsafe due to traffic

0.590

0.345–1.008

0.053

1.034

0.640–1.671

0.892

0.906

0.550–1.490

0.697

0.905

0.476–1.719

0.760

 Too many busy streets

0.779

0.470–1.291

0.333

1.134

0.625–2.059

0.678

0.589

0.344–1.010

0.054

1.042

0.533–1.966

0.898

 Unsafe for child to walk alone

0.695

0.448–1.080

0.106

0.627

0.392–1.005

0.052

0.991

0.652–1.507

0.968

0.857

0.562–1.307

0.473

 Unsafe for child to walk with friends

1.217

0.616–2.405

0.572

–

–

–

0.710

0.434–1.161

0.173

0.852

0.426–1.704

0.651

 Drivers speed on streets

1.415

1.032–1.940

0.031

–

–

–

–

–

–

1.326

0.942–1.865

0.105

 Feels unsafe because of crime

0.837

0.393–1.782

0.644

–

–

–

0.638

0.335–1.214

0.171

0.446

0.233–0.851

0.014

 No one to walk with

0.523

0.355–0.768

< 0.001

0.677

0.443–1.034

0.071

0.517

0.300–0.894

0.018

0.621

0.374–1.032

0.066

 Might get bullied/teased

1.133

0.719–1.784

0.592

0.902

0.559–1.456

0.672

1.056

0.626–1.784

0.836

0.926

0.579–1.482

0.749

 I do not know people in my neighbourhood

1.162

0.829–1.630

0.383

–

–

–

1.022

0.695–1.503

0.910

0.906

0.617–1.330

0.614

 More difficult to walk than drive

0.130

0.083–0.205

< 0.001

0.197

0.141–0.276

< 0.001

0.197

0.123–0.315

< 0.001

0.243

0.168–0.352

< 0.001

 Too much stuff to carry

0.936

0.558–1.568

0.801

–

–

–

0.551

0.343–0.886

0.014

0.758

0.451–1.273

0.294

 Get too hot/ sweaty

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

1.276

0.844–1.930

0.248

 Not fun to walk

–

–

–

–

–

–

2.449

1.252–4.792

0.009

0.917

0.575–1.461

0.715

Constant

118.737

7.562–1864.471

0.001

4.066

0.385–42.976

0.244

41.369

1.537–832.813

0.020

2.100

0.124–35.486

0.607

Sample size (N)

Pseudo R2

Log Pseudolikelihood