Table 2 Results of pattern matching between expected and observed environmental correlates with alcohol-related outcomes
From: An exploratory case study of environmental factors related to military alcohol misuse
Environmental correlate | Pattern | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Expected | Observed | ||||
Clinical outcome | Medical outcome | Interpersonal outcome | Legal outcome | ||
On-base | |||||
Sociodemographic factors | |||||
Region (OCONUS) | + | ⊕ | ⊕ | +− | +− |
Age | – | ⊖ | +− | ⊖ | +− |
% junior enlisted | + | ⊕ | – | ⊕ | +− |
% single | + | ⊕ | ⊕ | – | +− |
Environmental risk factors | |||||
$ spent on open sales | + | ⊕ | ⊕ | +− | +− |
$ spent on closed sales | + | ⊕ | ⊕ | +− | +− |
Density of stores selling alcohol | + | +− | +− | +− | +− |
Density of bars/restaurants serving | + | ⊕ | +− | +− | +− |
Density of alternative activities with alcohol | + | +− | +− | +− | +− |
Environmental protective factors | |||||
Density of all alternative activities | – | + | + | +− | +− |
Density of alcohol-free activities | – | +− | +− | +− | +− |
Density of schools, parks, etc. | – | + | + | +− | +− |
Driving restrictions for low ranks | – | +− | +− | +− | ⊖ |
Off-base | |||||
Sociodemographic factors | |||||
Household income | – | +− | ⊖ | + | + |
Unemployment rate | + | – | +− | ⊕ | +− |
Crime rate | + | – | – | +− | +− |
Environmental risk factors | |||||
Density of stores selling alcohol | + | +− | +− | ⊕ | +− |
Density of bars/restaurants serving | + | +− | +− | +− | ⊕ |
Density of alternative activities with alcohol | + | +− | +− | +− | ⊕ |
Environmental protective factors | |||||
Density of all alternative activities | – | +− | +− | + | +− |
Density of alcohol-free activities | – | +− | +− | +− | +− |
Density of schools, parks, etc. | – | ⊖ | ⊖ | + | +− |
Neighborhood walkability | – | +− | +− | +− | + |