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Table 3 Distribution of diagnostic delay by socio-demographic, clinical variables and health seeking trajectories, nonparametric (Mann–Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis) test

From: Factors associated with treatment delay among newly diagnosed tuberculosis patients in Dessie city and surroundings, Northern Central Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

Characteristics

Patient delay

Health System delay

Total delay

Median (IQR)

p-value

Median (IQR)

p-value

Median (IQR)

p-value

Total

30(15,60)

 

6(4,8)

 

36(24,64)

 

Delayed, n (%)

157(41.1)

 

134(35.1)

 

181(47.4)

 

Sex

 Male

30(15,60)

0.771

6(4,8)

0.063

35(22.5,64)

0.899

 Female

30(15,60)

 

6(4,7)

 

36(24.5,63)

 

Residence

 Urban

30(15,50)

0.025

5(4,7)

0.009

35(21,58)

0.008

 Rural

31(20,60)

 

6(5,9)

 

40(28,65)

 

Age (years)

 18–25

30 (15,45)

 

6(4,8)

 

34(21,53)

 

 26–44

30 (15,60)

0.109

6(4,7)

0.704

36(26,64)

0.157

 45–54

30 (15,52.5)

 

6(5,7)

 

34.5(20,57.5)

 

  ≥ 55

40 (20,60)

 

6(4,7)

 

49(26.5,65)

 

Education

 Illiterate

30(15,60)

0.231

6(4,7)

0.070

39 (25,64)

0.362

 grade 1–8

30(15,60)

 

6(4,7)

 

36 (25,63)

 

 grade 9–12

30(15,45)

 

6(4,8)

 

35 (21.5,50)

 

 college &above

23.5(15,45)

 

6.5(5,9)

 

30.5 (22.5,59.3)

 

Occupation

 farming

32.5(20.25,60)

0.033

6(4.25,9)

0.070

45(28,68)

0.010

 business

30(15,45)

 

5(4,6)

 

34(21,56)

 

 student

30(15,40)

 

6(5,8)

 

35(21,44.75)

 

 unemployed

30(15,45)

 

6(4,7)

 

34.5(21,49)

 

 employed

30(15,60)

 

6(4,8)

 

35(22.5,64)

 

Marital status

 married

30(15,60)

0.015

6(4,7)

0.069

37(25,64)

0.006

 never married

30(15,60)

 

5(4,8)

 

35(24,64)

 

 widowed/divorced

18(15,30)

 

5(4,6)

 

26(19,40.25)

 

Family size

 1 to 3

30(15,57.5)

0.011

6(4,7)

0.076

34(21,60.5)

0.002

  > 3

30(20,60)

 

6(5,8)

 

40(27.75,60)

 

Self-medication

 No

30(15,47.75)

0.000

6(4,8)

0.990

35(22,56.25)

0.000

 Yes

50(30,60)

 

6(4,8)

 

56(34.25,70.75)

 

Use of non-prescribed drugs

 No

30(15,60)

0.005

6(4,8)

0.073

35(22,63)

0.006

 Yes

37.5(30,62.5)

 

5(4,7)

 

44(34,72.75)

 

One way walking time

  ≤ 30 min

30(15,60)

0.004

5(4,7)

0.001

34(20.75,63)

0.000

  > 30 min

30(20,60)

 

6(5,8)

 

40.5(28.25,64)

 

TB category

 SPPTB

30(15,40)

0.145

6(5,7)

0.843

34(24.25,48)

0.037

 SNPTB

30(15,60)

 

5.5(4,7)

 

35(21,64)

 

 EPTB

30(15,60)

 

6(4,8)

 

41.5(27.75,64)

 

Previous exposure to TB patient

 Yes

34(19,60)

0.049

6(4,8)

0.539

45(27,68)

0.043

 No

30(15,58)

 

6(4,8)

 

35(23,63)

 

HIV serostatus

 positive

30(15,45)

0.287

5(4,7.25)

0.129

34.5(21,54.5)

0.197

 Negative

30(15,60)

 

6(4,8)

 

36(25,64

 

Initially visited health facilities

 Government

  

6(4,7)

0.079

37(26,64)

0.041

 Private

  

6(5,8)

 

30(21,57.5)

 

Diagnostic tests

 microscopy

  

6(4,9)

0.000

29(20,41)

0.000

 Chest X-ray

  

5(4,6)

 

30(19,49)

 

 microscopy and chest X-ray

 

6(5,8)

 

39(28,65)

 

 Gene-Xpert

  

7(5,12)

 

52(30,67)

 

Initially visited HCP

 Internist

  

5(4,6.75)

0.104

21.5(19,35)

0.000

 General practitioners

  

6(4,8)

 

41(29,65)

 

Nurse/health officer

  

6(4,7)

 

42(29,65)

 

Health care contacts

 Single

  

5(4,7)

0.003

33(21,46.5)

0.000

 Multiple

  

6(5,8)

 

38(26,65)

 
  1. HCP health care providers, IQR interquartile range, SPPTB smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis, SNPTB smear negative pulmonary tuberculosis, EPTB extrapulmonary tuberculosis
  2. Statistically significant value are in bold