From: Ethnic heterogeneity in the determinants of HIV/AIDS stigma and discrimination among Nigeria women
Hausa | Igbo | Yoruba | Fulani | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Stigma measures (Stereotype) | ||||||||
Characteristics | OR | CI, 95% | OR | CI, 95% | OR | CI, 95% | OR | CI, 95% |
Age group | ||||||||
15-24 years | 1 | [1] | 1 | [1] | 1 | [1] | 1 | [1] |
25-34 years | 1.04 | [0.92, 1.18] | 0.74** | [0.63, 0.86] | 0.88 | [0.74, 1.04] | 0.87 | [0.67, 1.13] |
35-44 years | 0.94 | [0.81, 1.09] | 0.68** | [0.57, 0.82] | 0.85 | [0.71, 1.02] | 0.94 | [0.69, 1.27] |
45 years and above | 0.98 | [0.81, 1.19] | 0.68* | [0.53, 0.87] | 0.94 | [0.75, 1.19] | 0.78 | [0.53, 1.15] |
Level of Education | ||||||||
No education | 1 | [1] | 1 | [1] | 1 | [1] | 1 | [1] |
Primary | 0.77* | [0.66, 0.90] | 0.97 | [0.72, 1.31] | 0.87 | [0.64, 1.17] | 0.63* | [0.42, 0.94] |
Secondary | 0.56** | [0.48, 0.67] | 0.77 | [0.56, 1.05] | 0.61* | [0.45, 0.81] | 0.65 | [0.41, 1.02] |
Higher | 0.52** | [0.37, 0.72] | 0.39** | [0.28, 0.56] | 0.27** | [0.19, 0.37] | 0.35* | [0.16, 0.76] |
Place of residence | ||||||||
Urban | 1 | [1] | 1 | [1] | 1 | [1] | 1 | [1] |
Rural | 1.37** | [1.19, 1.57] | 0.98 | [0.87, 1.12] | 1.36** | [1,17, 1.57] | 1.04 | [0.71, 1.51] |
Religion | ||||||||
Christian | 1 | [1] | 1 | [1] | 1 | [1] | 1 | [1] |
Islam | 2.13** | [1.41, 3.23] | 0.94 | [0.31, 2.87] | 1.33** | [1.19, 1.50] | ||
Occupation | ||||||||
Not working | 1 | [1] | 1 | [1] | 1 | [1] | 1 | [1] |
Professional/clerical | 0.83* | [0.74, 0.94] | 1.08 | [0.94, 1.26] | 0.91 | [0.77, 1.07] | 1.10 | [0.85, 1.41] |
Agriculture | 0.88 | [0.50, 1.57] | 1.25* | [1.01, 1.55] | 1.49* | [1.02, 2.17] | 1.63 | [0.70, 3.78] |
Manual | 0.85* | [0.73, 0.99] | 1.23 | [0.95, 1.59] | 0.94 | [0.75, 1.18] | 1.12 | [0.80, 1.59] |
Wealth Status | ||||||||
Poor | 1 | [1] | 1 | [1] | 1 | [1] | 1 | [1] |
Middle | 0.72** | [0.62, 0.84] | 0.74* | [0.61, 0.90] | 1.17 | [0.83, 1.65] | 0.62* | [0.43, 0.89] |
Rich | 0.64** | [0.53, 0.76] | 0.55** | [0.46, 0.67] | 0.86 | [0.62, 1.20] | 0.59* | [0.37, 0.95] |
Frequency of exposure to Radio | ||||||||
Not at all | 1 | [1] | 1 | [1] | 1.0 | [1] | 1 | [1] |
Less than once a week | 0.78** | [0.68, 0.88] | 0.81* | [0.69, 0.96] | 1.44* | [1.16, 1.78] | 1.14 | [0.84, 1.55] |
At least once a week | 1.11 | [0.98, 1.26] | 0.89 | [0.76, 1.05] | 1.0 | [0.82, 1.21] | 2.94** | [2.14, 4.04] |
HIV Knowledge | ||||||||
Poor Knowledge | 1 | [1] | 1 | [1] | 1 | [1] | 1 | [1] |
Good Knowledge | 0.86* | [0.77, 0.98] | 0.57** | [0.50, 0.66] | 0.82* | [0.72, 0.92] | 0.83 | [0.66, 1.04] |