Table 3 Associations between Carstairs index and biomarkers, and between physical environment variables and biomarkers (multilevel linear regression models)a
| Â | FEV1% B (95% CI) | SBP (mmHg) B (95% CI) | BMI (kg/m2) B (95% CI) | CRP (mg/L) B (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Carstairs indexb | − 0.563 (− 0.650, − 0.475) | 0.181 (0.096, 0.266) | 0.157 (0.129, 0.184) | 0.056 (0.044, 0.068) |
Sulphur dioxide (SO2, μg/m3) | −0.173 (− 0.295, − 0.050) | 0.251 (0.133, 0.369) | 0.105 (0.066, 0.144) | 0.032 (0.015, 0.049) |
Particulate matter (PM10, μg/m3) | −0.509 (− 0.665, − 0.353) | −0.364 (− 0.497, − 0.232) | −0.039 (− 0.084, 0.005) | 0.019 (− 0.000, 0.038) |
Nitrogen dioxide (NO2, mg/m3) | −0.122 (− 0.157, − 0.087) | −0.064 (− 0.095, − 0.032) | −0.004 (− 0.015, 0.007) | 0.004 (− 0.000, 0.008) |
Carbon monoxide (CO, μg/m3) | −19.566 (− 23.975, − 15.156) | −5.800 (− 10.091, − 1.509) | 0.196 (−1.242, 1.634) | 1.199 (0.574, 1.823) |
%Green space | 0.042 (0.032, 0.053) | 0.009 (− 0.000, 0.019) | −0.002 (− 0.006, 0.001) | −0.003 (− 0.004, − 0.001) |
Proximity to industrial facilities | −1.461 (− 2.824, − 0.097) | 0.800 (− 0.496, 2.097) | 0.681 (0.246, 1.117) | 0.257 (0.070, 0.444) |