Table 5 Univariate analysis of discrimination towards PLWHA, Guangzhou, China
From: HIV-related stigma and discrimination amongst healthcare providers in Guangzhou, China
Refused treatment (n = 386) | Forced detection (n = 386) | Differential treatment (n = 386) | Disclosed information (n = 386) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Yes | No | χ 2 | Yes | No | χ 2 | Yes | No | χ 2 | Yes | No | χ 2 | |
Level of care | ||||||||||||
Tertiary hospital | 87 (31.3) | 191 (68.7) | 22.38a | 171 (61.5) | 107 (38.5) | 6.23 b | 142 (51.1) | 136 (48.9) | 0.00 | 130 (46.8) | 148 (53.2) | 0.06 |
Secondary hospital and lower | 62 (57.4) | 46 (42.6) | 81 (75.0) | 27 (25.0) | 55 (50.9) | 53 (49.1) | 49 (45.4) | 59 (54.6) | ||||
Number of years working | ||||||||||||
≤ 2 years | 46 (34.6) | 87 (65.4) | 6.84 b | 85 (63.9) | 48 (36.1) | 0.19 | 68 (51.1) | 65 (48.9) | 0.03 | 68 (51.1) | 65 (48.9) | 3.19 |
3–7 years | 55 (48.7) | 58 (51.3) | 74 (65.5) | 39 (34.5) | 57 (50.4) | 56 (49.6) | 45 (39.8) | 68 (60.2) | ||||
≥ 8 years | 48 (34.3) | 92 (65.7) | 93 (66.4) | 47 (33.6) | 72 (51.4) | 68 (48.6) | 66 (47.1) | 74 (52.9) | ||||
Profession | ||||||||||||
Doctor | 63 (37.3) | 106 (62.7) | 3.26 | 105 (62.1) | 64 (37.9) | 5.13 | 91 (53.8) | 78 (46.2) | 2.15 | 77 (45.6) | 92 (54.4) | 0.35 |
Nurse | 82 (41.4) | 116 (58.6) | 138 (69.7) | 60 (30.3) | 99 (50.0) | 99 (50.0) | 92 (46.5) | 106 (53.5) | ||||
Laboratory technician | 4 (21.1) | 15 (78.9) | 9 (47.4) | 10 (52.6) | 7 (36.8) | 12 (63.2) | 10 (52.6) | 9 (47.4) | ||||
Department | ||||||||||||
Internal medicine | 48 (37.2) | 81 (62.8) | 6.14 | 71 (55.0) | 58 (45.0) | 11.93a | 52 (40.3) | 77 (59.7) | 11.27a | 66 (51.2) | 63 (48.8) | 3.88 |
Surgical department | 65 (38.9) | 102 (61.1) | 119 (71.3) | 48 (28.7) | 100 (59.9) | 67 (40.1) | 68 (40.7) | 99 (59.3) | ||||
Clinical laboratory department | 3 (15.8) | 16 (84.2) | 10 (52.6) | 9 (47.4) | 9 (47.4) | 10 (52.6) | 10 (52.6) | 9 (47.4) | ||||
Administrative department | 33 (46.5) | 38 (53.5) | 52 (73.2) | 19 (26.8) | 36 (50.7) | 35 (49.3) | 35 (49.3) | 36 (50.7) | ||||
HIV transmission knowledge | ||||||||||||
Low score | 96 (43.8) | 123 (56.2) | 5.85b | 157 (71.7) | 62 (28.3) | 9.16b | 115 (52.5) | 104 (47.5) | 0.44 | 113 (51.6) | 106 (48.4) | 5.56 b |
High score | 53 (31.7) | 114 (68.3) | 95 (56.9) | 72 (43.1) | 82 (49.1) | 85 (50.9) | 66 (39.5) | 101 (60.5) | ||||
Exposure prevention knowledge | ||||||||||||
Low score | 97 (42.9) | 129 (57.1) | 4.29b | 152 (67.3) | 74 (32.7) | 0.94 | 122 (54.0) | 104 (46.0) | 1.89 | 110 (48.7) | 116 (51.3) | 1.16 |
High score | 52 (32.5) | 108 (67.5) | 100 (62.5) | 60 (37.5) | 75 (46.9) | 85 (53.1) | 69 (43.1) | 91 (56.9) | ||||
Training | ||||||||||||
No | 74 (44.3) | 93 (55.7) | 4.05b | 111 (66.5) | 56 (33.5) | 0.18 | 92 (55.1) | 75 (44.9) | 1.94 | 80 (47.9) | 87 (52.1) | 0.28 |
Yes | 75 (34.2) | 144 (65.8) | 141 (64.4) | 78 (35.6) | 105 (47.9) | 114 (52.1) | 99 (45.2) | 120 (54.8) | ||||
Evaluation of occupational exposure protection system | ||||||||||||
Satisfaction | 62 (44.0) | 79 (56.0) | 2.82 | 89 (63.1) | 52 (36.9) | 8.27 a | 64 (45.4) | 77 (54.6) | 2.85 | 63 (44.7) | 78 (55.3) | 0.44 |
Neutral | 70 (35.0) | 130 (65.0) | 125 (62.5) | 75 (37.5) | 109 (54.5) | 91 (45.5) | 96 (48.0) | 104 (52.0) | ||||
Dissatisfaction | 17 (37.8) | 28 (62.2) | 38 (84.4) | 7 (15.6) | 24 (53.3) | 21 (46.7) | 20 (44.4) | 25 (55.6) | ||||
Fear | ||||||||||||
Substantial fear | 41 (54.7) | 34 (45.6) | 10.16 a | 67 (89.3) | 8 (10.7) | 27.43 a | 58 (77.3) | 17 (22.7) | 26.12 a | 43 (57.3) | 32 (42.7) | 4.52 |
Some fear | 80 (34.5) | 152 (65.5) | 131 (56.5) | 101 (43.5) | 106 (45.7) | 126 (54.3) | 102 (44.0) | 130 (56.0) | ||||
No fear | 28 (35.4) | 51 (64.6) | 54 (68.4) | 25 (31.6) | 33 (41.8) | 46 (58.2) | 34 (43.0) | 45 (57.0) | ||||