Table 2 Predictors of adherence to medication among HIV positive pregnant women included in the quantitative studies
Domain | Predictors | Total number with statistical evidence for association | *List of citations with statistical evidence for association | Total number without statistical evidence for association | List of citations with no statistical evidence for association |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Patient | Socio-demographic | ||||
Age of mother | 3 | Igwegbe, et al. 2010 [34], Parisotto, et al. 2011 [33], Haas, et al. 2016 [32]. | 13 | Kiarie, et al. 2003 [30], Delvaux, et al. 2009 [29], Bancheno, et al. 2010 [28], Peltzer, et al. 2010 [27], Kinuthia, et al. 2011 [26], Kirsten, et al. 2011 [25], Mirkuzie, et al. 2011 [24], Ekama, et al. 2012 [31], Buseri, et al. 2014 [23], Hampanda 2016 [21], Okawa, et al. 2015 [22], Schnack, et al. 2016 [10], Yotebieng, et al. 2016 [20]. | |
Married/living with partner | 1 | Delvaux, et al. 2009 [29]. | 9 | Kiarie, et al. 2003 [30], Igwegbe, et al. 2010 [34], Peltzer, et al. 2010 [27], Shapiro, et al. 2010 [66], Kinuthia, et al. 2011 [26], Ekama, et al. 2012 [31], Okawa, et al. 2015 [22], Schnack, et al. 2016 [10], Yotebieng, et al. 2016 [20]. | |
Education | 5 | Delvaux, et al. 2009 [29], Igwegbe, et al. 2010 [34], Kuonza, et al. 2010 [36], El-Khatib, et al. 2011 [35], Schnack, et al. 2016 [10]. | 8 | Kiarie, et al. 2003 [30], Bancheno, et al. 2010 [28], Peltzer, et al. 2010 [27], Kinuthia, et al. 2011 [26], Kirsten, et al. 2011 [25], Mirkuzie, et al. 2011 [24], Hampanda 2016 [21], Okawa, et al. 2015 [22] | |
Illiteracy in primary language | 1 | Stringer, et al. 2003 [37]. | 0 | ||
Patient belief system | |||||
Religion | 0 | 1 | Delvaux, et al. 2009 [29]. | ||
Cultural beliefs: Use of traditional medicine/visiting traditional healer/birth attendant | 2 | 2 | |||
Patient knowledge about HIV/MTCT | 2 | 3 | Peltzer, et al. 2008 [52], Peltzer, et al. 2011 [50], Ebuy, et al. 2015 [48]. | ||
Patient knowledge of HIV diagnosis before pregnancy | 1 | Parisotto, et al. 2011 [33]. | 1 | Igwegbe, et al. 2010 [34]. | |
Patient knowledge of HIV diagnosis during pregnancy | 2 | 0 | |||
Patient attitude to MTCT | 0 | 2 | |||
Psychological | |||||
Forgetting to take ARV | 1 | Itoua, et al. 2015 [46]. | 0 | ||
Patient condition | Obstetric/ pregnancy history | ||||
Parity | 2 | 5 | Kiarie, et al. 2003 [30], Kirsten, et al. 2011 [25], Mirkuzie, et al. 2011 [24], Ekama, et al. 2012 [31], Hampanda 2016 [21]. | ||
Cervical dilation | 1 | Megazzini, et al. 2009 [58] | 0 | ||
Stage of pregnancy/gestational age | 2 | 4 | Mirkuzie, et al. 2011 [24], Ebuy, et al. 2015 [48], Schnack, et al. 2016 [10], Yotebieng, et al. 2016 [20]. | ||
Exposed to PMTCT in previous pregnancy | 1 | Kuonza, et al. 2010 [36]. | 2 | ||
Premature delivery | 1 | Peltzer, et al. 2010 [27]. | 0 | ||
WHO Clinical staging | 2 | 0 | |||
CD4 count at admission | 1 | Ebuy, et al. 2015 [48], | 0 | ||
Therapy | Duration on therapy | 2 | 1 | Mirkuzie, et al. 2011 [24]. | |
Type of PMTCT drug regimen | 1 | Ebuy, et al. 2015 [48]. | 1 | Mepham, et al. 2011 [38] | |
ARV side effects | 1 | Kamuyango, et al. 2014 [77] | 1 | Itoua, et al. 2015 [46]. | |
Social and economic | Women empowerment | ||||
Not receiving financial support from a partner or husband | 1 | El-Khatib, et al. 2011 [35]. | 0 | ||
Income generating activities /occupation | 2 | Igwegbe, et al. 2010 [34], Bisio, et al.2013 [75]. | 7 | Kiarie, et al. 2003 [30], Kuonza, et al. 2010 [36], El-Khatib, et al. 2011 [35], Kinuthia, et al. 2011 [26], Kirsten, et al. 2011 [25], Ekama, et al. 2012 [31], Hampanda 2016 [21], Schnack, et al. 2016 [10]. | |
Housing(monthly rent) | 1 | Igwegbe, et al. 2010 [34]. | 0 | ||
Financial difficulty | |||||
Distance to health facility | 0 | 2 | |||
Partner and community | |||||
Partner aware/informed of HIV test results/willing to have HIV test/partner came for HIV test/partner support use of ARV | 10 | Kiarie, et al. 2003 [30], Farquhar, et al. 2004 [54], Msuya, et al. 2008 [53], Peltzer, et al. 2008 [52], Delvaux, et al. 2009 [29], Igwegbe, et al. 2010 [34], Peltzer, et al. 2010 [27], Kirsten, et al. 2011 [25], Ebuy, et al. 2015 [48], Hampanda 2016 [21]. | 4 | Barigye, et al. 2010 [57], Kinuthia, et al. 2011 [26], Mepham, et al. 2011 [38], Mirkuzie, et al. 2011 [24]. | |
Partner uninformed about ARV | 1 | Itoua, et al. 2015 [46]. | 1 | Matthews, et al. 2016. [76] | |
Disclosure to someone(not partner)/discussion of PMTCT prophylaxis with family/friends/others | 6 | Peltzer, et al. 2008 [52], Delvaux, et al. 2009 [29], Peltzer, et al. 2010 [27], Peltzer, et al. 2011 [50], Ekama, et al. 2012 [31], Ebuy, et al. 2015 [48]. | 3 | Barigye, et al. 2010 [57], Mepham, et al. 2011 [38], Matthews, et al. 2016 [76]. | |
male partner involvement in PMTCT/ANC | 2 | 1 | Schnack, et al. 2016 [10]. | ||
Partner violence | |||||
Sexual violence | 1 | Hampanda 2016 [21]. | 0 | ||
Emotional violence | 0 | 1 | Hampanda 2016 [21]. | ||
Physical violence | 0 | 1 | Hampanda 2016 [21]. | ||
Partners’ HIV status | |||||
Positive | 1 | Igwegbe, et al. 2010 [34]. | 0 | ||
Negative | 0 | 1 | Igwegbe, et al. 2010 [34]. | ||
Unknown | 0 | 1 | Igwegbe, et al. 2010 [34]. | ||
Attend support group/treatment supporter/partner support | 4 | Peltzer, et al. 2010 [27], Peltzer, et al. 2011 [50], Ekama, et al. 2012 [31], Ebuy, et al. 2015 [48]. | 0 | ||
Place of residence | |||||
Living in a village where HIV research is being conducted | 1 | Barigye, et al. 2010 [57]. | 0 | ||
Living in rural or urban. | 0 | 1 | Ebuy, et al. 2015 [48] | ||
HIV related stigma/experienced discrimination | 3 | Peltzer, et al. 2010 [27], Kinuthia, et al. 2011 [26], Peltzer, et al. 2011 [50]. | 0 | ||
Feeling embarrassed | 1 | Itoua, et al. 2015 [46]. | 0 | ||
Health care team/Health system | Number of ANC visits/clinic attendance | 3 | Peltzer, et al. 2010 [27], Megazzini, 2009 [58], Ebuy, et al. 2015 [48] | 1 | Mepham, et al. 2011 [38]. |
Quality of post-test counseling/counseling on ARV side effects | 2 | 0 | |||
Confidentiality at health facility | 1 | Peltzer, et al. 2010 [27] | 0 | ||