Table 4 Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) Indicators for Evidence-Based Policy Communication (EBPC) about Human Papillomavirus (HPV) by Levels of Potential Development, 2016

Exposure to or participation in collaborative policy learning

• Is an advocacy coalition member

• Has a policy role in organization

• Has coalition experience, but no recognized collaborative learning

• Has no exposure. Receives no coaching from others.

Exposure to EBPC of others

• Has developed or co-developed EBPC

• Has used, but not developed

• Has observed others using

• Has no exposure.

Prior/current experience in environments with potential for social learning about EBPC

• Is a policy coalition member

• Has a work environment with potential for EBPC learning

• Could join a policy coalition with EBPC potential. (Awareness of such a coalition)

• Has potential to work with others through job (but not currently)

• Is a policy coalition member (though unlikely that coalition has potential to develop or use EBPC)

Proximity to the policy process

• Has full time policy job

• Has a policy role for organization but not primary job

• Has periodic policy process engagement

• Gave policy testimony once or twice before

Response to Mock-up

• Has clear recognition of EBPC tool(s) based on mock-up

• Demonstrated advanced thinking and conversation about EBPC and how tool might be used

• Demonstrated moderate recognition of EBPC tool after exposure to mock-up

• Unclear how to use it

• None to slight recognition of mock-up as an example of EBPC. Focused more on format than concept.

• Unclear whether could or would use