Table 4 Influence of ethnicity, language, education level, profession and campaign exposure on antibiotic knowledge in deprived areas
Statements on antibiotic usage (correct response) | Ethnicity % (n) % = n/N | Language % (n) % = n/N | Education % (n) % = n/N | Profession % (n) % = n/N | Profession of family member % (n) % = n/N | Campaign exposure % (n) % = n/N | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
White N = 36 | Non-white N = 184 | English as first language N = 94 | English not first language N = 126 | Below degree level N = 125 | Degree level or above N = 95 | Health-care related N = 44 | Not health-care related N = 176 | Health-care related N = 75 | Not health-care related N = 145 | Yes N = 37 | No N = 183 | |
Antibiotics are effective against fungi (no) | 75 (27) | 67 (123) | 69 (65) | 67 (85) | 66 (83) | 71 (67) | 77 (34) | 66 (116) | 73 (55) | 66 (95) | 59 (22) | 70 (128) |
× 2 p | 0.9224 0.336856 | 0.0708 0.790232 | 0.4236 0.515129 | 2.0952 0 .147759 | 1.392 0.238066 | 1.5599 0.21168 | ||||||
Antibiotics are effective against viruses (no) | 47 (17) | 46 (84) | 40 (38) | 50 (63) | 37 (46) | 58 (55) | 73 (32) | 39 (69) | 61 (46) | 38 (55) | 54 (20) | 44 (81) |
x 2 p | 0.0299 0.862744 | 1.98740 0.158615 | 9.6724 0.001871 | 15.9294 0.000066 | 10.9019 0.000961 | 1.1883 0.275671 | ||||||
Antibiotics are effective against bacteria (yes) | 78 (28) | 78 (143) | 82 (77) | 75 (94) | 71 (89) | 86 (82) | 93 (41) | 74 (130) | 85 (64) | 74 (107) | 84 (31) | 77 (140) |
x 2 p | 0.0001 0.993646 | 1.6625 0.197263 | 7.124 0.007606 | 7.588 0.005876 | 3.8027 0.051171 | 0.9425 0.331641 | ||||||
Antibiotics can treat sore throat (strongly disagree/disagree) | 33 (12) | 41 (76) | 43 (40) | 38 (48) | 34 (43) | 47 (45) | 59 (26) | 35 (62) | 47 (35) | 37 (53) | 57 (21) | 37 (67) |
x 2 p | 0.7971 0.371961 | 0.4458 0.504338 | 3.7825 0.051793 | 8.3523 0 .003852. | 2.1073 0.1466 | 5.2041 0.022534 | ||||||
Antibiotics help cure the common cold, cough and flu (strongly disagree/disagree) | 36 (13) | 46 (85) | 43 (40) | 46 (58) | 34 (43) | 58 (55) | 70 (31) | 38 (67) | 59 (44) | 37 (54) | 59 (22) | 42 (76) |
x 2 p | 1.2396 0.265555 | 0.2637 0.60758 | 12.0618 0.000515 | 14.9461 0 .000111 | 9.1859 0.002439 | 4.0052 0.045361 | ||||||
Antibiotics can speed up recovery of a cold/flu (strongly disagree/disagree) | 31 (11) | 36 (66) | 31 (29) | 38 (48) | 30 (37) | 42 (40) | 59 (26) | 29 (51) | 52 (39) | 26 (38) | 43 (16) | 33 (61) |
x 2 p | 0.3737 0.540977 | 1.2419 0.265113 | 3.7104 0.054076 | 14.031 0 .00018 | 14.4555 0.000144 | 1.3286 0.249058 | ||||||