Prevalence and factors associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension among the hill tribe elderly populations in northern Thailand

Apidechkul, Tawatchai

doi:10.1186/s12889-018-5607-2

Table 9 Factors associated with T2DM in univariate and multivariate analyses (n = 775)**

From: Prevalence and factors associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension among the hill tribe elderly populations in northern Thailand

Factors	T2DM				OR	95%CI	p-value	OR_adj	95%CI	p-value
	Yes		No
	n	%	n	%
Sex
Mal	66	17.3	316	82.7	1.00
Female	64	16.3	329	83.7	0.93	1.02 -2.02	0.712
Tribe
Akha	11	8.6	117	91.4	1.00			1.00
Lahu	26	19.5	107	80.5	2.58	1.37-4.85	0.013*	2.89	1.32-6.33	0.008*
Hmong	11	8.1	124	91.9	0.94	0.45-1.96	0.896	0.91	0.35-2.31	0.845
Yao	26	21.5	95	78.5	2.91	1.54-5.48	0.006*	3.47	1.58-7.62	0.002*
Karen	34	26.4	95	73.6	3.80	2.06-7.03	< 0.001*	5.03	2.35-10.78	< 0.001*
Lisu	22	17.1	107	82.9	2.18	1.14-4.13	0.046*	2.73	1.22-6.07	0.014*
Age (year)
60-69	75	18.8	324	81.2	1.00
70-79	39	14.3	234	85.7	0.72	0.50-1.02	0.127
≥ 80	16	15.5	87	84.5	0.79	0.48-1.30	0.444
Smoking
No	78	16.4	398	83.6	1.00
Ever in the past	34	23.1	113	76.9	1.53	1.04-2.24	0.064*
Yes	18	11.8	134	88.2	0.68	0.43-1.08	0.177
Alcohol use
No	79	15.0	447	85.0	1.00
Ever in the past	26	19.3	109	80.7	1.35	0.89-2.03	0.230
Yes	25	21.9	89	78.1	1.58	1.04 -2.42	0.072*
Salty food
No	151	53.5	131	46.5	1.00
Yes	266	52.1	245	47.9	0.94	0.70-1.26	0.687
Greasy food
No	155	52.2	142	47.8	1.00
Yes	258	52.0	238	48.0	0.99	0.74-1.32	0.962
Sweet food
No	202	51.7	189	48.3	1.00
Yes	184	45.8	218	54.2	0.78	0.59-1.04	0.097
Exercise
No	21	26.6	58	73.4	1.00			1.00
Highly active physical work	45	16.7	225	83.3	0.55	0.33- 0.90	0.050*	0.48	0.25-0.91	0.024*
Yes	64	15.0	362	85.0	0.48	0.30- 0.78	0.013*	0.45	0.24-0.83	0.011*
BMI
Normal	39	12.6	271	87.4	1.00			1.00
Underweight	13	11.4	101	88.6	0.89	0.51-1.56	0.743	0.90	0.45-1.80	0.773
Overweight	78	22.2	273	77.8	1.98	1.39- 2.82	0.001*	2.08	1.32-3.27	0.001*
Parental history of DM
No	217	42.1	298	57.9	1.00			1.00
Yes	149	53.6	129	46.4	1.58	1.18-2.12	0.002*	1.55	1.17-2.10	0.001*
Hypertension
No	70	12.9	282	80.1	1.00
Yes	60	14.2	363	85.8	1.50	1.02- 2.19	0.035*
Headache
No	95	16.9	467	83.1	1.00
Yes	35	16.4	178	83.6	0.96	0.67-1.38	0.875
Dizziness
No	86	15.9	456	84.1	1.00
Yes	44	18.9	189	81.1	1.23	0.88-1.72	0.303
Cholesterol
Normal	90	17.3	430	82.7	1.00
High	38	16.1	198	83.9	0.91	0.64-1.29	0.682
Triglyceride
Normal	88	14.9	504	85.1	1.00			1.00
High	40	24.4	124	75.6	1.84	1.29-2.63	0.004*	1.73	1.10-2.73	0.017*

*Significance level at α=0.05 **18 participants could not provide blood specimens

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