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Table 4 The impact of non-completion of secondary education, municipal socioeconomic factors and their interactionsa on the probability of receiving disability pension (DP)

From: Non-completion of secondary education and early disability in Norway: geographic patterns, individual and community risks

 

Model 1

Model 2

Model 3

Model 4

Model 5

Coef

SE

Coef

SE

Coef

SE

Coef

SE

Coef

SE

Fixed effects

Individual level

 Non-completion

2.2416***

0.0329

1.0613*

0.4800

1.3491***

0.2916

2.6458***

0.1449

2.5850***

0.1049

Neighbourhood level

 Rural settlement

−0.3896***

0.0404

−0.3894***

0.0404

−0.3889***

0.0404

−0.3896***

0.0404

−0.3887***

0.0404

Municipality level

 Socioeconomic factors

  Education

0.0226***

0.0052

0.0074

0.0080

0.0221***

0.0052

0.0225***

0.0052

0.0224***

0.0052

  Household income

−4.14e-06***

8.95e-07

−4.11e-06***

8.95e-07

−6.20e-06***

1.12e-06

−4.13e-06***

8.96e-07

−4.09e-06***

8.94e-07

  Unemployment

−0.0286

0.0309

−0.0285

0.0308

−0.0283

0.0308

0.0760

0.0475

−0.0285

0.0308

  Social security benefits

0.0127

0.0107

0.0129

0.0107

0.0130

0.0107

0.0129

0.0108

0.0611***

0.0175

  DP spatlag

0.0302**

0.0117

0.0303**

0.0117

0.0306**

0.0117

0.0300*

0.0117

0.0302**

0.0117

Interactions non-completion and municipality factors

 1*Education

  

0.0177*

0.0072

      

 1*household income

    

2.60e-06**

8.47e-07

    

 1*Unemployment

      

−0.1248**

0.0433

  

 1* Social security benefits

        

−0.0572***

0.0164

General contextual effects

 Neighbourhood variance

0.4214

0.0288

0.4206

0.0288

0.4201

0.0288

0.4213

0.0288

0.4206

0.0288

 PCV

−11.8%

 

−11.9%

 

−12.0%

 

−11.8%

 

−11.9%

 

 ICC (%)

0.1120

0.0070

0.1118

0.0070

0.1117

0.0070

0.1120

0.0070

0.1118

0.0070

 MOR

1.86

 

1.86

 

1.86

 

1.86

 

1.86

 

 Municipality variance

0.0503

0.0104

0.0503

0.0104

0.0503

0.0104

0.0503

0.0104

0.0500

0.0103

 PCV

−38.9%

 

−38.9%

 

−38.9%

 

−38.9%

 

−39.2%

 

 ICC (%)

0.0134

0.0027

0.0134

0.0027

0.0134

0.0027

0.0134

0.0027

0.0133

0.0027

 MOR

1.24

 

1.24

 

1.24

 

1.24

 

1.24

 

 -2loglikelihood

58,304,708

 

58,298,74

 

58,295,14

 

58,296,46

 

58,292,728

 
  1. aadjusted for age, gender and parental DP receipt bThe proportional change in variance expresses the change in variance at the particular level from the empty model ∗∗∗p < 0.001, ∗∗p < 0.01, ∗p < 0.05