Hospital in community
|
No
|
1.00
| | | |
1.00
| | | |
1.00
| | | |
1.00
| | | |
1.00
| | | |
1.00
| | | |
Yes
|
4.27
|
**
|
1.50
|
12.10
|
2.92
|
*
|
1.04
|
8.17
|
2.98
|
*
|
1.07
|
8.32
|
2.60
| |
0.71
|
9.59
|
2.45
| |
0.68
|
8.84
|
2.18
| |
2.18
|
7.86
|
Clinic in community
|
No
|
1.00
| | | |
1.00
| | | |
1.00
| | | |
1.00
| | | |
1.00
| | | |
1.00
| | | |
Yes
|
2.06
|
***
|
1.39
|
3.05
|
1.86
|
**
|
1.26
|
2.74
|
1.80
|
**
|
1.23
|
2.65
|
2.70
|
***
|
1.56
|
4.65
|
2.43
|
**
|
1.43
|
4.13
|
2.43
|
**
|
1.42
|
4.16
|
Motorable road passes through community
|
No
|
1.00
| | | |
1.00
| | | |
1.00
| | | |
1.00
| | | |
1.00
| | | |
1.00
| | | |
Yes
|
2.72
|
***
|
1.58
|
4.67
|
2.51
|
**
|
1.47
|
4.29
|
2.31
|
**
|
1.35
|
3.96
|
4.44
|
***
|
2.12
|
9.30
|
3.77
|
***
|
1.84
|
7.69
|
3.72
|
***
|
1.81
|
7.66
|
Region
|
Upper West
|
1.00
| | | |
1.00
| | | |
1.00
| | | |
1.00
| | | |
1.00
| | | |
1.00
| | | |
Western
|
0.24
|
**
|
0.11
|
0.54
|
0.10
|
***
|
0.04
|
0.23
|
0.05
|
***
|
0.02
|
0.15
|
0.14
|
**
|
0.05
|
0.43
|
0.06
|
***
|
0.02
|
0.22
|
0.02
|
***
|
0.00
|
0.08
|
Central
|
0.08
|
***
|
0.03
|
0.18
|
0.04
|
***
|
0.02
|
0.10
|
0.02
|
***
|
0.01
|
0.06
|
0.19
|
**
|
0.06
|
0.58
|
0.07
|
***
|
0.02
|
0.25
|
0.02
|
***
|
0.00
|
0.08
|
Greater Accra
|
0.15
|
*
|
0.03
|
0.73
|
0.06
|
**
|
0.01
|
0.31
|
0.03
|
***
|
0.01
|
0.19
|
0.50
| |
0.07
|
3.54
|
0.19
| |
0.03
|
1.35
|
0.12
| |
0.01
|
1.10
|
Volta
|
0.36
|
**
|
0.18
|
0.73
|
0.18
|
***
|
0.08
|
0.38
|
0.10
|
***
|
0.03
|
0.26
|
0.39
|
*
|
0.16
|
0.92
|
0.22
|
**
|
0.09
|
0.55
|
0.11
|
**
|
0.03
|
0.43
|
Eastern
|
0.23
|
***
|
0.11
|
0.47
|
0.14
|
***
|
0.06
|
0.30
|
0.07
|
***
|
0.03
|
0.19
|
0.49
| |
0.19
|
1.21
|
0.25
|
**
|
0.09
|
0.66
|
0.10
|
**
|
0.03
|
0.37
|
Ashanti
|
0.54
| |
0.25
|
1.15
|
0.26
|
**
|
0.12
|
0.58
|
0.15
|
***
|
0.06
|
0.41
|
0.61
| |
0.22
|
1.69
|
0.28
|
*
|
0.10
|
0.83
|
0.08
|
***
|
0.02
|
0.32
|
Brong Ahafo
|
0.60
| |
0.28
|
1.30
|
0.34
|
**
|
0.16
|
0.76
|
0.23
|
**
|
0.10
|
0.56
|
1.50
| |
0.52
|
4.28
|
0.91
| |
0.32
|
2.60
|
0.42
| |
0.12
|
1.38
|
Northern
|
0.07
|
***
|
0.03
|
0.16
|
0.07
|
***
|
0.03
|
0.15
|
0.07
|
***
|
0.03
|
0.17
|
0.12
|
***
|
0.04
|
0.35
|
0.11
|
***
|
0.04
|
0.32
|
0.14
|
***
|
0.05
|
0.42
|
Upper East
|
0.87
| |
0.44
|
1.72
|
0.67
| |
0.34
|
1.32
|
0.72
| |
0.37
|
1.41
|
0.83
| |
0.35
|
1.93
|
0.63
| |
0.27
|
1.47
|
0.73
| |
0.31
|
1.72
|
Expenditure
|
Poorest
| | | | |
1.00
| | | |
1.00
| | | | | | | |
1.00
| | | |
1.00
| | | |
Poor
| | | | |
1.56
|
*
|
1.05
|
2.32
|
1.50
|
*
|
1.00
|
2.24
| | | | |
1.70
| |
0.98
|
2.93
|
1.72
| |
0.98
|
3.00
|
Middle
| | | | |
2.58
|
***
|
1.65
|
4.03
|
2.29
|
***
|
1.46
|
3.59
| | | | |
2.10
|
*
|
1.13
|
3.91
|
2.02
|
*
|
1.07
|
3.79
|
Rich
| | | | |
3.53
|
***
|
2.19
|
5.70
|
3.04
|
***
|
1.88
|
4.93
| | | | |
3.06
|
**
|
1.57
|
5.98
|
2.60
|
**
|
1.33
|
5.08
|
Richest
| | | | |
9.63
|
***
|
5.58
|
16.64
|
7.42
|
***
|
4.28
|
12.88
| | | | |
4.09
|
***
|
1.87
|
8.95
|
3.73
|
**
|
1.69
|
8.23
|
Employment status of head
|
Employee public
| | | | |
1.00
| | | |
1.00
| | | | | | | |
1.00
| | | |
1.00
| | | |
Employee private
| | | | |
0.11
|
***
|
0.04
|
0.27
|
0.16
|
***
|
0.06
|
0.42
| | | | |
0.35
| |
0.06
|
1.98
|
0.27
| |
0.04
|
1.60
|
Self employed
| | | | |
1.30
| |
0.17
|
9.89
|
1.33
| |
0.17
|
10.49
| | | | |
1.57
| |
0.09
|
26.77
|
0.77
| |
0.04
|
14.29
|
Other inactive
| | | | |
0.16
|
***
|
0.06
|
0.43
|
0.22
|
**
|
0.08
|
0.61
| | | | |
0.49
| |
0.08
|
2.88
|
0.39
| |
0.06
|
2.40
|
Internet access
|
No
| | | | |
1.00
| | | |
1.00
| | | | | | | |
1.00
| | | |
1.00
| | | |
Yes
| | | | |
0.73
| |
0.45
|
1.20
|
0.72
| |
0.44
|
1.20
| | | | |
1.69
| |
0.87
|
3.27
|
1.47
| |
0.74
|
2.93
|
Household size
|
Log
| | | | |
1.45
|
***
|
1.18
|
1.78
|
1.42
|
**
|
1.14
|
1.77
| | | | |
0.79
| |
0.60
|
1.05
|
0.79
| |
0.59
|
1.07
|
Sex
|
Male
| | | | | | | | |
1.00
| | | | | | | | | | | |
1.00
| | | |
Female
| | | | | | | | |
2.04
|
***
|
1.58
|
2.64
| | | | | | | | |
1.86
|
**
|
1.18
|
2.94
|
Education
|
None
| | | | | | | | |
1.00
| | | | | | | | | | | |
1.00
| | | |
Primary
| | | | | | | | |
1.23
| |
0.91
|
1.67
| | | | | | | | |
0.76
| |
0.45
|
1.30
|
Secondary and higher
| | | | | | | | |
3.10
|
**
|
1.58
|
6.10
| | | | | | | | |
3.33
| |
0.48
|
23.28
|
Marital Status
|
Married
| | | | | | | | |
1.00
| | | | | | | | | | | |
1.00
| | | |
Never married/Separated/Divorced
| | | | | | | | |
0.61
|
*
|
0.39
|
0.96
| | | | | | | | |
0.25
|
**
|
0.11
|
0.57
|
Widowed
| | | | | | | | |
0.89
| |
0.62
|
1.28
| | | | | | | | |
0.48
|
**
|
0.28
|
0.81
|
Disability
|
No
| | | | | | | | |
1.00
| | | | | | | | | | | |
1.00
| | | |
Yes
| | | | | | | | |
0.89
| |
0.49
|
1.60
| | | | | | | | |
0.47
|
*
|
0.26
|
0.86
|
Religion
|
None
| | | | | | | | |
1.00
| | | | | | | | | | | |
1.00
| | | |
Christian
| | | | | | | | |
1.97
|
**
|
1.22
|
3.18
| | | | | | | | |
2.17
|
*
|
1.09
|
4.31
|
Muslim
| | | | | | | | |
1.47
| |
0.86
|
2.52
| | | | | | | | |
1.38
| |
0.67
|
2.83
|
Ethnicity
|
Akan
| | | | | | | | |
1.00
| | | | | | | | | | | |
1.00
| | | |
Ga-Dangme
| | | | | | | | |
0.97
| |
0.44
|
2.12
| | | | | | | | |
0.24
|
*
|
0.07
|
0.83
|
Ewe
| | | | | | | | |
1.00
| |
0.50
|
2.02
| | | | | | | | |
0.56
| |
0.18
|
1.70
|
Guan
| | | | | | | | |
1.11
| |
0.48
|
2.55
| | | | | | | | |
0.24
|
*
|
0.07
|
0.81
|
Gurma
| | | | | | | | |
0.53
| |
0.23
|
1.21
| | | | | | | | |
0.11
|
***
|
0.03
|
0.36
|
Mole-Dagbani
| | | | | | | | |
0.47
|
*
|
0.23
|
0.92
| | | | | | | | |
0.15
|
**
|
0.05
|
0.46
|
Other
| | | | | | | | |
0.76
| |
0.34
|
1.68
| | | | | | | | |
0.27
|
*
|
0.08
|
0.88
|
Random effects
|
Between household variance
|
4.64
| |
3.17
|
6.78
|
3.96
| |
2.64
|
5.94
|
4.02
| |
2.68
|
6.03
|
3.77
| |
1.69
|
8.40
|
3.50
| |
1.52
|
8.05
|
3.52
| |
1.52
|
8.15
|
Between community variance
|
2.44
| |
1.74
|
3.42
|
2.44
| |
1.74
|
3.42
|
2.35
| |
1.67
|
3.32
|
2.48
| |
1.36
|
4.53
|
2.30
| |
1.25
|
4.23
|
2.24
| |
1.19
|
4.19
|
Variance partition coefficient
|
Household
|
0.45
|
0.41
|
0.42
|
0.40
|
0.39
|
0.39
|
Community
|
0.24
|
0.25
|
0.24
|
0.26
|
0.25
|
0.25
|