Table 1 Factors associated with the spread of pneumococcal meningitis, BAR, 2016
Factor | Cases (n = 40) | Controls (n = 80) | cOR (95% CI) | P-Value | aOR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sex | ||||||
Male | 11(23.4) | 36(73.6) | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||
Female | 31(38.7) | 49(61.3) | 2.1(0.9-4.7)) | 0.08** | 4.9(0.9-26.4) | 0.06 |
Age group (yrs) | ||||||
≥ 19 | 16(69.6) | 7(30.4) | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||
20-39 | 14(24.1) | 44(75.9) | 0.1(0.1-0.4) | < 0.001* | 0.5(0.1-5.5) | 0.57 |
≥ 40 | 12(26.1) | 34(73.9) | 0.2(0.1-0.5) | < 0.01* | 0.8(0.1-12.1) | 0.89 |
Occupation | ||||||
Student | 17(56.7) | 13(43.3) | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||
Farming | 20(29.0) | 49(71.0) | 0.3 (0.2-0.8) | 0.01* | 0.3(0.1-3.4) | 0.36 |
Other | 5(17.9) | 23(82.1) | 0.2 (0.1-0.5) | < 0.01* | 0.2(0.01-5.4) | 0.36 |
Education | ||||||
None | 16(33.3) | 32(66.7) | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||
Primary | 21(47.7) | 23(52.3) | 1.8(0.8-4.2) | 1.00 | 2.1(0.4-10.6) | 0.38 |
Other | 3(9.7) | 28(90.3) | 0.2(0.1-0.9) | 0.02* | 0.1(0.01-1.5) | 0.08 |
Religion | ||||||
Christian | 36(32.2) | 74(67.3) | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||
Muslim | 5(31.3) | 11(68.8) | 0.9(0.3-2.9) | 0.91 | 1.4(0.4-4.5) | 0.55 |
Travel history | ||||||
No travel | 15(26.8) | 41(73.2) | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||
Travelled within last 3 weeks | 26(37.7) | 43(62.3) | 1.7 (0.7 – 3.6) | 0.19** | 1.8(0.5-7.3) | 0.38 |
Cough history | ||||||
No cough | 16(29.6) | 38(70.4) | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||
Had cough | 7(41.2) | 10(58.8) | 1.7(0.5-5.1) | 0.38 | 2.0(0.5-6.4) | 0.33 |
Sore throat history | ||||||
No sore throat | 17(26.1) | 48(73.9} | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||
Had sore throat | 10(62.5) | 6(37.5) | 4.7(1.3-15.9) | < 0.01* | 5.2(1.1-26.1) | 0.04* |
Alcohol use | ||||||
No alcohol | 23(27.4) | 61(72.6) | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||
Takes alcohol | 13(37.1) | 22(62.9) | 1.6(0.7-3.6) | 0.24** | 9.1(1.4-55.7) | 0.02* |
Windows per room | ||||||
0 – 1 | 15(27.8) | 39(72.2) | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||
2 or more | 23(33.8) | 45(66.2) | 0.8 (0.3 – 1.6) | 0.47 | 0.4(0.1-1.8) | 0.22 |
Persons per room | ||||||
1-2 | 9(23.9) | 30(76.9) | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||
More than 2 | 33(37.9) | 54(62.1) | 2.0(0.8-4.9) | 0.10** | 0.3(0.1-1.80 | 0.19 |
Use firewood | ||||||
No firewood | 6(31.6) | 13(68.4) | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||
Use firewood | 30(30.3) | 69(69.7) | 0.9(0.3-2.7) | 0.91 | 1.2(0.4-3.2) | 0.21 |