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Table 4 ICD-10-CM diagnosis categories, block of categories and chapters identified in studies of morbidity

From: Mortality and morbidity in populations in the vicinity of coal mining: a systematic review

ICD

Increased risk y/n / NSa [citation]

Total exposed

Values

Chapter: Neoplasms

C18-C21 (Colorectal cancer)

y [30]

Population in 75 USA counties

r = 0.37 p < 0.009 incidence rate in recently mined coal mining counties

C34 (Cancer of bronchus and lung)

y [30, 53]

Population in 75 USA counties

Adjusted r = 0.36 p < 0.001 incidence rate in coal mining counties. RR = 1.21 p < 0.01 and RR = 1.17 p < 0.01 in 2 clusters with coal mining counties

Chapter: Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases

E10, E11, E13 (Diabetes mellitus type 1 and 2, other specified diabetes mellitus)

y [52]

Population in 225 USA minor civil divisions

r = 0.116(0.059) p < 0.05 blood sugar levels by coal mining area density, r = 0.124(0.056) p < 0.01 blood sugar levels by proximity to abandoned coalmines

Chapter: Diseases of the eye and adnexa

H57.9 (Unspecific disorder of eyes)

y / n [57, 58] b

5 northern England communities (2000-20,000 persons)

Adjusted OR = 0.23(0.10-0.49) GP-consultations in 1 of 5 communities (1.4 km to coal mining). Adjusted OR = 1.43(1.20-1.70) GP-consultations in all other communities (0.8-1.3 Km to coal mining)

Chapter: Diseases of the circulatory system (I00-I99)

NS [49]

Population in 28 USA counties

Adjusted hospitalisation rates in coal mining counties by type and coal production = r ranging 0.01-0.05 (p > 0.05)

I10, I11, I12, I13, I15 (Primary HTA, hypertensive heart disease and chronic kidney disease, secondary hypertension)

y [56]

Population in 73 USA counties

OR = 1.003(1.001-1.005) hospitalisation rates in coal mining counties by coal production

Chapter: Diseases of the respiratory system (J00-J99)

y [51]

Population in 28 USA counties

r = 0.064(0.025) men-women, r = 0.064(0.022) p < 0.006 men, r = 0.063(0.029) p < 0.032 women; hospitalisation rates in coal mining counties, by coal production

J40, J41, J42, J43, J44, J47 (Specified/unspecified bronchitis, emphysema, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, bronchiectasis)

y [56]

Population in 73 USA counties

OR = 1.003(1.001-1.006) hospitalisation rates in coal mining counties

J98.9 Unspecific respiratory disorders

y / n [57, 58] b

5 northern England communities (2000-20,000 persons)

Adjusted OR = 0.23(0.10-0.49) GP-consultations in 1 of 5 communities (1.4 km to coal mining). Adjusted OR = 1.43(1.20-1.70) GP-consultations in all other communities (0.8-1.3 Km to coal mining)

Chapter: Diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue

L98.9 (Unspecific disorders of skin)

y / n [57, 58] b

5 northern England communities (2000-20,000 persons)

Adjusted OR = 0.23(0.10-0.49) GP-consultations in 1 of 5 communities (1.4 km to coal mining). Adjusted OR = 1.43(1.20-1.70) GP-consultations in all other communities (0.8-1.3 Km to coal mining)

Chapter: Diseases of the genitourinary system

N00.3, N00.8, N00.9, N01.3, N02.2, N03, N04, N05, N08 (Acute nephritic syndromes, hematuria with diffuse membranous glomerulonephritis, chronic nephritic syndrome, nephrotic syndrome, unspecified nephritic syndrome and glomerular disorders classified elsewhere)

n [56]

Population in 73 USA counties

OR = 0.997(0.994-0.999) hospitalisation rates in coal mining counties

N17, N18, N19 (Acute and unspecific kidney failure, chronic kidney disease)

n [56]

Population in 73 USA counties

OR = 0.997(0.994-0.999) hospitalisation rates in coal mining counties

N25, N26.9, N27 (Unspecific contracted and small kidney, renal sclerosis)

n [56]

Population in 73 USA counties

OR = 0.997(0.994-0.999) hospitalisation rates in coal mining counties

Chapter: Certain conditions originating in the perinatal period

P07.0, P07.1 (Extremely and other low birth weight new-born)

y [55]

Mothers in 29 USA counties

OR = 1.16(1.08-1.25) p < 0.0002, OR = 1.14(1.04-1.25) p < 0.0033; cases in coal mining counties

Chapter: Congenital malformations, deformations and chromosomal abnormalities (Q00-Q99)

y [50, 54] / NS [50]

New-borns in 86 USA counties

Adjusted PRR ranging 1.10-1.63 new-born hospitalisations in coal mining counties (adjusted for socioeconomic variables). Crude PRR ranging 1.43-2.39 p < 0.001 new-born hospitalisations in coal mining counties. NS: Adjusted PRR ranging 1.01-1.08 p > 0.05 new-born hospitalisations in coal mining counties (adjusted by type and group of hospital)

Q00-07 (Congenital malformations of the nervous system)

y [54]

New-borns in 86 USA counties

Adjusted PRR = 1.36(1.11-1.67) new-born hospitalisations in coal mining counties

Q20-34 (Congenital malformations of the circulatory and respiratory systems)

y [54]

New-borns in 86 USA counties

Adjusted PRR = 1.93(1.73-2.15) new-born hospitalisations in coal mining counties

Q35-45 (Congenital malformations of the digestive system)

y [54]

New-borns in 86 USA counties

Adjusted PRR = 1.41(1.17-1.71) new-born hospitalisations in coal mining counties

Q50-64 (Congenital malformations of genitals and urinary system)

y [54]

New-borns in 86 USA counties

Adjusted PRR = 1.35(1.19-1.54) new-born hospitalisations in coal mining counties

Q65-79 (Congenital malformations and deformations of the musculoskeletal system)

y [54]

New-borns in 86 USA counties

Adjusted PRR = 1.30(1.20-1.41) new-born hospitalisations in coal mining counties

Q80-89 (Other congenital malformations)

y [54]

New-borns in 86 USA counties

Adjusted PRR = 1.13(1.04-1.23) new-born hospitalisations in coal mining counties

  1. Increased risk y/n: one or more risk measure increased/non-increased in exposed versus non-exposed populations. r regression coefficient, OR odds ratio, RR relative risk, PRR prevalence rate ratio
  2. a NS: Not significant
  3. b Disparities found in different exposed sub-groups
  4. All risk measures provided in additional material [see Additional file 4]