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Table 5 Multiple logistic regression analysis showing the association between IPV (ever, last 12 months before pregnancy and during pregnancy) and maternal and new born health outcomes

From: Intimate partner violence, forced first sex and adverse pregnancy outcomes in a sample of Zimbabwean women accessing maternal and child health care

Association between types of lifetime IPV and maternal and new born health outcomes*

 

History of a Miscarry/stillbirth

History of a Neonatal death

History of a miscarriage

Ever had a neonatal death, miscarriage, and or stilbirth

 

aOR

95% CI

Sig (pvalue)

aOR

95% CI

Sig (pvalue)

aOR

95% CI

Sig (pvalue)

aOR

95% CI

Sig (p-value)

Emotional IPV

1.39

1.08–1.77

0.008

1.34

1.03–1.72

0.024

1.29

0.95–1.74

0.098

1.32

1.02–1.69

0.03

Physical IPV

1.38

1.06–1.79

0.0001

1.17

1.16–2.20

0.015

1.49

1.12–1.98

0.006

1.56

1.22–1.97

0.0001

Sexual IPV

1.34

1.03–1.74

0.029

1.80

1.29–2.49

0.000

1.17

0.88–1.55

0.274

1.40

1.10–1.76

0.005

Sexual/Physical IPV

1.26

0.95–1.67

0.0513

2.05

1.40–2.98

0.000

1.18

0.87–1.58

0.287

1.43

1.11–1.84

0.005

Forced First Sex

1.23

0.85–1.77

0.266

1.22

0.80–1.84

0.351

1.47

1.03–2.09

0.032

1.45

1.06–1.98

0.018

Association between IPV in the last 12 months and entry into care and maternal and new born health outcomes**

  
 

Unplanned pregnancy

 

Late booking (ref. = early booking)

Never booked (ref = early booking)

Any negative outcome (LBW, premature, still baby) in recent pregnancy

 

aOR

95% CI

Sig (pvalue)

aOR

95% CI

Sig (p-value)

aOR

95% CI

Sig (pvalue)

aOR

95% CI

Sig (p-value)

Emotional IPV

1.48

1.22–1.79

0.0001

1.11

0.91–1.33

0.287

1.43

0.89–2.28

0.287

1.03

0.77–1.38

0.8

Physical IPV

1.50

1.19–1.87

0.0001

1.57

1.24.1.97

0.0001

1.18

0.66–2.09

0.565

0.99

0.70–1.39

0.962

Sexual IPV

1.32

1.08–1.60

0.006

1.10

0.90–1.32

0.358

2.09

1.31–3.34

0.002

0.95

0.7–1.26

0.709

Sexual/Physical IPV

1.32

1.09–1.60

0.004

1.27

1.05–1.52

0.012

2.13

1.32–3.42

0.002

0.95

0.71–1.25

0.711

Forced First Sex

2.02

1.54–2.63

0.0001

1.36

1.03–1.78

0.028

1.37

0.74–2.51

0.312

1.04

.70–1.54

0.842

Association between IPV during pregnancy and recent new born health outcomes***

 

Recent Low birth weight

 

Any recent negative outcome (LBW, premature baby, c-section)

      
 

aOR

95% CI

Sig (pvalue)

aOR

95% CI

Sig (pvalue)

      

Emotional IPV

1.79

1.26–2.52

0.001

1.38

1.03–1.83

0.026

      

Physical IPV

1.23

0.78–1.91

0.362

1.09

0.74–1.59

0.673

      

Sexual IPV

1.23

0.87–1.72

0.239

0.88

0.65–1.16

0.366

      

Sexual/Physical IPV

1.22

0.87–1.70

0.246

0.89

0.67–1.17

0.406

      

Forced First Sex

1.19

0.73–1.82

0.518

         
  1. *Model adjusted for age, education, marital status and HIV status
  2. **Model adjusted for age, education, marital status, HIV status and history of smoking or alcohol use
  3. ***Model adjusted for age, education, marital status, HIV status and history of smoking, violence or alcohol use