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Table 2 Odds associated with spending > 1 h/day outdoors after school (N = 462): ORs (95% CIs)

From: The home electronic media environment and parental safety concerns: relationships with outdoor time after school and over the weekend among 9–11 year old children

 

Model 1

Model 2

OR (95% CI)

p

OR (95% CI)

p

Demographics

 Age

0.89 (0.54–1.46)

0.641

0.84 (0.51–1.39)

0.499

 Sex (Ref = Girls)

1.37 (0.93–2.03)

0.111

1.72 (1.12–2.65)*

0.014

 SES (Ref = High education)

1.97 (1.26–3.08)*

0.003

1.77 (1.12–2.80)*

0.015

Home electronic media environment

 School day TV viewing (Ref = High; ≥ 3 h/d)

1

0.236

1

0.116

  Mid (2 h/d)

0.70 (0.38–1.29)

 

0.58 (0.31–1.09)

 

  Low (<  2 h/d)

0.62 (0.35–1.08)

 

0.54 (0.30–0.97)*

 

 School day computer use (Ref = High; ≥ 2 h/d)

1

0.168

1

0.030

  Mid (<  2 h/d)

1.57 (0.97–2.54)

 

1.98 (1.20–3.30)*

 

  Low (None)

1.24 (0.70–2.19)

 

1.72 (0.94–3.15)

 

 Media access (Ref = High; 5–6 devices)

1

0.013

1

0.014

  Average (2–4 devices)

0.83 (0.47–1.44)

 

0.83 (0.47–1.46)

 

  Low (0–1 devices)

0.34 (0.15–0.75)*

 

0.33 (0.15–0.75)*

 

Parental safety concerns

 Crime-related

1.47 (1.08–2.01)*

0.015

1.51 (1.09–2.10)*

0.013

 Traffic-relateda

0.96 (0.66–1.39)

0.812

0.82 (0.55–1.21)

0.312

  1. Ref reference category, SES socioeconomic status, TV television
  2. Model 1: Simple associations between each independent variable and outdoor time after school, adjusting for covariates (age, sex and SES). Odds ratios for demographic variables (age, sex and SES) are therefore taken from a model in which all three were included simultaneously. Schools were treated as random effects in all models
  3. Model 2: Mutually adjusted model with all independent variables entered simultaneously, with schools treated as random effects
  4. Effects of continuous variables are assessed as one unit offsets from the mean
  5. *p < 0.05
  6. aA significant interaction for traffic-related safety concerns*sex (p = 0.022) was found; see text for details
  7. P values taken from Type 3 Tests of Fixed Effects; italic font indicates significant result