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Table 3 Mean and 95% Confidence Interval for the Norm and Social Support Measures Presented by Participant Characteristic

From: Examining neighborhood and interpersonal norms and social support on fruit and vegetable intake in low-income communities

 

Neighborhood Injunctive norm for F&V

Neighborhood Descriptive Norm F&V

Neighborhood Social support for F&V

Family Norm for F&V

Family and Peer Social Support for F&V

Gender

 Male

3.04 (2.77, 3.32)

3.37 (3.01, 3.73)

1.80 (1.52, 2.27)

4.05 (3.70, 4.41)

2.80 (2.49, 3.11)

 Female

3.25 (3.11, 3.39)

3.31 (3.13, 3.49)

1.70 (1.56, 1.84)

4.05 (3.87, 4.23)

2.50 (2.35, 2.66)

Age group

 18–29

3.13 (2.82, 3.43)

3.35 (2.95, 3.75)

1.79 (1.48, 2.17)

4.42 (4.03, 4.81)

2.81 (2.47, 3.16)

 30–39

3.23 (2.92, 3.55)

3.42 (3.01, 3.83)

1.43 (1.12, 1.74)

4.33 (3.93, 4.74)

2.69 (2.33, 3.25)

 40–49

3.13 (2.81, 3.45)

3.26 (2.83, 3.68)

1.61 (1.29, 1.93)

4.00 (3.59, 4.41)

2.65 (2.28, 3.62)

 50–59

3.58 (3.27, 3.89)

3.37 (2.96, 3.78)

1.75 (1.43, 2.56)

3.85 (3.45, 4.25)

2.39 (2.04, 2.74)

 60–69

3.15 (2.86, 3.43)

3.41 (3.03, 3.78)

1.81 (1.52, 2.12)

3.96 (3.60, 4.33)

2.44 (2.11, 2.77)

 70–79

3.09 (2.72, 3.46)

3.52 (3.03, 4.35)

1.93 (1.56, 2.32)

3.97 (3.50, 4.44)

2.44 (2.02, 2.86)

 80+

3.00 (2.54, 3.46)

2.57 (1.97, 3.18)

1.81 (1.35, 2.27)

3.52 (2.93, 4.11)

2.43 (1.91, 2.95)

Hispanic

 Yes

3.32 (3.13, 3.52)

3.64 (3.39, 3.89)a

1.84 (1.64, 2.63)

4.26 (4.02, 4.51)a

2.82 (2.60, 3.54)a

 No

3.13 (2.97, 3.29)

3.11 (2.90, 3.32)b

1.64 (1.48, 1.82)

3.91 (3.70, 4.11)b

2.39 (2.21, 2.57)b

Race

 White

3.24 (3.09, 3.39)

3.30 (3.11, 3.49)

1.71 (1.57, 1.86)

3.96 (3.77, 4.15)

2.54 (2.36, 2.78)

 Black

3.31 (2.85, 3.77)

3.48 (2.87, 4.28)

1.78 (1.32, 2.24)

4.10 (3.50, 4.69)

2.50 (1.97, 3.52)

 Asian

4.00 (2.52, 5.48)

2.50 (0.54, 4.46)

2.83 (1.34, 4.33)

4.50 (2.57, 6.43)

3.25 (1.55, 4.95)

 Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander

2.00 (0.52, 3.48)

2.00 (0.04, 3.96)

2.00 (0.51, 3.49)

5.00 (3.07, 6.93)

3.50 (1.80, 5.20)

 American Indian or Alaska Native

2.00 (0.95, 3.15)

3.00 (1.61, 4.39)

2.50 (1.44, 3.56)

4.50 (3.14, 5.86)

2.69 (1.49, 3.89)

 Mixed

3.18 (2.82, 3.55)

3.18 (2.70, 3.66)

1.61 (1.24, 1.97)

4.27 (3.80, 4.75)

2.56 (2.14, 2.98)

 Other

3.07 (2.62, 3.52)

3.86 (3.27, 4.45)

1.65 (1.20, 2.11)

4.32 (3.73, 4.96)

2.72 (2.20, 3.23)

Language

 English onlya

3.10 (2.94, 3.27)

3.16 (2.95, 3.38)c

1.60 (1.44, 1.77)

4.06 (3.85, 4.27)

2.42 (2.23, 2.68)d,e

 Spanish onlyb

3.65 (3.18, 4.12)

3.50 (2.89, 4.11)

1.55 (1.08, 2.32)

3.95 (3.34, 4.56)

2.21 (1.69, 2.73)d,e

 Both, more English than Spanishc

3.25 (2.85, 3.65)

3.96 (3.45,4.48)a,f

1.70 (1.30, 2.18)

4.07 (3.56, 4.58)

2.54 (2.09, 2.98)d

 Both, equal amountsd

3.10 (2.63, 3.57)

3.65 (3.04, 4.26)

2.13 (1.66, 2.66)

4.25 (3.64, 4.86)

3.48 (2.95, 4.29)a,b,c,f

 Both, more Spanish than Englishe

3.43 (3.07, 3.79)

3.59 (3.11, 4.96)

2.12 (1.76, 2.48)

4.38 (3.92, 4.85)

2.89 (2.49, 3.29)a,b

 Otherf

3.25 (2.84, 3.66)

2.92 (2.39, 3.46)c

1.78 (1.37, 2.19)

3.46 (2.93, 3.99)

2.62 (2.15, 3.77)d

Employment status

 Full time

3.47 (2.92, 4.31)

3.07 (2.35, 3.78)

1.62 (1.07, 2.17)

3.47 (2.77, 4.17)

2.48 (1.86, 3.16)

 Part time

3.17 (2.78, 3.56)

2.93 (2.42, 3.44)

1.67 (1.27, 2.36)

4.31 (3.81, 4.81)

2.90 (2.45, 3.34)

 Unemployed

3.22 (2.95, 3.49)

3.53 (3.17, 3.89)

1.74 (1.46, 2.42)

4.29 (3.93, 4.64)

2.61 (2.30, 2.92)

 Disabled

3.38 (3.15, 3.66)

3.52 (3.23, 3.81)

1.76 (1.54, 1.99)

3.94 (3.66, 4.23)

2.58 (2.32, 2.83)

 Retired

2.98 (2.72, 3.24)

3.14 (2.80, 3.48)

1.77 (1.51, 2.14)

3.98 (3.65, 4.32)

2.37 (2.07, 2.66)

 Student/Homemaker

3.06 (2.69, 3.43)

3.25 (2.76, 3.74)

1.56 (1.19, 1.94)

4.09 (3.61, 4.57)

2.58 (2.15, 3.52)

Education

  < First grade-9th gradeg

3.40 (3.16, 3.64)

3.49 (3.18, 3.86)i

1.87 (1.62, 2.17)

4.22 (3.91, 4.53)

2.54 (2.26, 2.81)

 Grades 10-12h

3.16 (2.98, 3.33)

3.51 (3.29, 3.73)i

1.76 (1.59, 1.93)

4.01 (3.79, 4.23)

2.55 (2.35, 2.74)

 Vocational/Tech/some collegei

3.14 (2.85, 3.44)

2.60 (2.22,2.97)g,h

1.43 (1.14, 1.72)

3.88 (3.51, 4.26)

2.52 (2.19, 2.86)

 Bachelor’s Degree/Post-graduatej

2.75 (2.08, 3.42)

3.00 (2.15, 3.85)

1.50 (0.84, 2.16)

4.20 (3.33, 5.86)

3.23 (2.47, 3.98)

Income (yearly)

  < $6000j

3.41 (2.91, 3.91)

3.71 (3.02, 4.39)

2.10 (1.58, 2.62)

4.65 (4.00, 5.29)

3.13 (2.57, 3.69)l,m

 $,6000-$11,9999k

3.33 (3.12, 3.54)

3.30 (3.01, 3.59)

1.91 (1.69, 2.13)

4.22 (3.94, 4.59)

2.69 (2.45, 2.93)l

 $12,000-$17,999l

3.30 (3.06, 3.54)

3.32 (3.00, 3.65)

1.62 (1.37, 1.87)

3.81 (3.50, 4.12)

2.31 (2.04, 2.58)j,k

 $18,000 + m

3.03 (2.76, 3.31)

3.45 (3.08, 3.82)

1.59 (1.30, 1.87)

4.14 (3.79, 4.49)

2.45 (2.14, 2.75)j

  1. a–fdenote significant differences between language groups p < 0.05
  2. g–idenote significant differences between education levels p < 0.01
  3. j–mdenote significant differences by income level p < 0.05