BMC Public Health

Table 4 Mean valence of cigarette and electronic cigarette image by electronic cigarette user status

From: Affect, risk perception, and the use of cigarettes and e-cigarettes: a population study of U.S. adults

	Cigarette images				E-cigarette images
Image categories	Total	Current user	Former user	Never user	Total	Current user	Former user	Never user
Synonym	− 0.62	− 0.15	− 0.53	− 0.75	− 0.27	0.72	0.06	− 0.51
Disgust	− 0.99	− 0.62	− 1.04	− 1.01	− 0.69	− 0.37	− 0.93	− 0.65
Risky	− 1.40	− 1.56	− 1.58	− 1.37	− 1.22	− 1.15	− 0.58	− 1.24
Addiction	− 0.94	− 1.02	− 0.72	− 0.97	− 0.86	0.51	− 0.08	− 1.00
Relaxing/Satisfaction	1.10	1.25	1.03	1.07	0.96	1.32	0.97	0.61
Safer than cigarettes	–	–	–	–	0.82	1.30	1.11	0.70
Same/worse than cigarette	–	–	–	–	− 0.44	0.04	0.01	− 0.48
Other	0.02	0.18	0.33	− 0.04	0.03	0.79	0.01	− 0.06
Overall	− 0.83	− 0.38	− 0.64	− 0.91	− 0.24	0.71	0.02	− 0.37

Note: Valence was rated on a 5-point scale from −2 (very bad) to + 2 (very good) (with 0 being “neither good nor bad”)

Back to article page

ISSN: 1471-2458

Contact us

Submission enquiries: bmcpublichealth@biomedcentral.com
General enquiries: ORSupport@springernature.com