From: Antenatal care satisfaction in a developing country: a cross-sectional study from Nigeria
Independent variables | Adjusted Odds Ratioa | p value |
---|---|---|
Patient Socio-demography | ||
Age (years) | 0.98 (0.94–1.03) | 0.49 |
First Pregnancy | ||
Yes | 1.11 (0.64–1.94) | 0.71 |
No (ref) | 1.00 | |
First ANC visit in facility for the pregnancy | ||
Yes | 0.78 (0.45–1.36) | 0.39 |
No (ref) | 1.00 | |
Marital status | ||
Married/living-together | 2.34 (.078–7.03) | 0.13 |
Others (ref) | 1.00 | |
Education | ||
Secondary or higher | 0.96 (0.48–1.91) | 0.91 |
Less than secondary (ref) | 1.00 | |
Wealth quartile | ||
Poor | 1.35 (0.68–2.66) | 0.39 |
Lower-middle | 1.67 (0.85–3.26) | 0.13 |
Upper-middle (ref) | 1.00 | |
Rich | 1.29 (0.66–2.54) | 0.45 |
Access to Care | ||
Out-of-pocket expenditure (Patient reported) | ||
Free care (ref) | 1.00 | 0.01 |
Paid care | 0.44 (0.23–0.82) | |
Distance travelled in km (Patient reported) | ||
< 3 | 1.84 (0.42–8.16) | 0.42 |
≥ 3 (ref) | 1.00 | |
Patient Care Experience (Subjective perception) | ||
Non-discriminatory treatment regardless of socioeconomic status | ||
Yes | 1.87 (1.09–3.22) | 0.02 |
No (ref) | 1.00 | |
Empathic providers | ||
Yes | 1.82 (1.03–3.23) | 0.01 |
No (ref) | 1.00 | |
Assuranceb | 1.48 (1.26–1.75) | 0.00 |
Responsivenessc | 2.42 (2.05–2.87) | 0.00 |
Treatment-facilitationd | 2.03 (1.46–2.80) | 0.00 |
Clinical examinations receivede | 1.28 (1.10–1.50) | 0.00 |
Preventive medications receivedf | 0.67 (0.48–0.95) | 0.02 |
Facility Level Variable (Objectively measured by surveyors) | ||
Availability of general-care equipmentg | 1.10 (1.01–1.21) | 0.00 |
Facility cleanliness and amenities | 0.96 (0.87–1.07) | 0.50 |
Availability of employed clinical staff on day of surveyh | 0.99 (0.98–1.01) | 0.31 |