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Table 1 Patient characteristics, treatment status and predictors of ART initiation in HIV+ pregnant women under PMTCTB+

From: Challenges and successes in the implementation of option B+ to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV in southern Swaziland

Characteristics at ANC1

 

Treatment status

Predictors of treatment initiation

 

Eligible for ART, n (%)

Initiated ART, n (%)

Switched from AZT to ART, n (%)

AZT, n (%)

No AZT/ ART, n (%)

cHR (95% CI)

p

aHR (95% CI)

(n = 665)

p

Total (n = 665)

665

496

47

70

99

    

CD4

0–349

260 (39.1)

224 (45.2)

21 (44.7)

14 (20.0)

22 (22.2)

Reference

 

Reference

 

350–499

171 (25.7)

132 (26.6)

14 (29.8)

20 (28.6)

19 (19.2)

0.77 (0.62,0.95)

0.015

0.82 (0.66,1.02)

0.075

≥500

170 (25.6)

119 (24)

11 (23.4)

24 (34.3)

27 (27.3)

0.66 (0.53,0.83)

< 0.001

0.69 (0.56, 0.87)

0.002

Missing

64 (9.6)

21 (4.2)

1 (2.1)

12 (17.1)

31 (31.3)

0.23 (0.14,0.35)

< 0.001

0.31 (0.20,0.49)

< 0.001

WHO

I + II

506 (76.1)

416 (83.9)

44 (93.6)

42 (60.0)

48 (48.5)

Reference

 

Reference

 

III + IV

15 (2.3)

11 (2.2)

1 (2.1)

3 (4.3)

1 (1.0)

0.78 (0.43,1.42)

0.418

0.78 (0.43,1.42)

0.418

Missing

144 (21.7)

69 (13.9)

2 (4.3)

25 (35.7)

50 (50.5)

0.43 (0.33,0.55)

< 0.001

0.40 (0.31,0.52)

< 0.001

Agegroup (n = 662)

16–24

271 (40.8)

197 (39.7)

24 (51.1)

33 (47.1)

41 (41.4)

Reference

   

25–34

344 (51.7)

260 (52.4)

22 (46.8)

34 (48.6)

50 (50.5)

1.11 (0.92, 1.33)

0.284

  

≥35

47 (7.1)

38 (7.7)

1 (2.1)

2 (2.9)

7 (7.1)

1.26 (0.89,1.79)

0.190

  

HIV diagnosis (n = 658)

New

408 (61.4)

307 (61.9)

32 (68.1)

47 (67.1)

54 (54.5)

Reference

   

Previously diagnosed

250 (37.6)

185 (37.3)

15 (31.9)

22 (31.4)

43 (43.4)

1.01 (0.84,1.21)

0.920

  

Trimester (n = 588)

1st

64 (9.6)

50 (10.1)

2 (4.3)

7 (10.0)

7 (7.1)

Reference

   

2nd

413 (62.1)

318 (64.1)

34 (72.3)

46 (65.7)

49 (49.5)

0.93 (0.69,1.25)

0.635

  

3rd

111 (16.7)

82 (16.5)

6 (12.8)

10 (14.3)

19 (19.2)

0.91 (0.64,1.29)

0.599

  

Pregnancy (n = 661)

1st

131 (19.7)

100 (20.2)

15 (31.9)

14 (20)

17 (17.2)

Reference

   

≥2nd

530 (79.7)

394 (79.4)

32 (68.1)

55 (78.6)

81 (81.8)

0.97 (0.78,1.21)

0.805

  

Health care facility (n = 665)

Primary

354 (53.2)

253 (51)

15 (31.9)

43 (61.4)

58 (58.6)

Reference

 

Reference

 

Secondary

311 (46.8)

243 (49)

32 (68.1)

27 (38.6)

41 (41.4)

1.16 (0.97,1.38)

0.099

1.15(0.96,1.37)

0.132

Enrolment phasea

         

Early

232 (34.9)

150 (30.2)

32 (68.1)

43 (61.4)

39 (39.4)

Reference

 

Reference

 

Mid

202 (30.4)

148 (29.8)

12 (25.5)

22 (31.4)

32 (32.3)

1.37 (1.09,1.72)

0.007

1.41 (1.12,1.77)

0.003

Late

231 (34.7)

198 (39.9)

3 (6.4)

5 (7.1)

28 (28.3)

2.17 (1.75,2.70)

0.000

2.36 (1.89,2.94)

< 0.001

  1. cHR crude hazard ratio, aHR adjusted hazard ratio
  2. aDefinition of study enrolment phases: early from 01/2013 to 06/2013, mid from 07/2013 to 12/2013 and late from 01/2014 to 06/2014
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