Table 3 Multilevel analysis results for risk of unintentional injury hospitalization
Null | Individual-level | Community-level | Multi-level | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Fixed effect intercept (β) | −2.06 (p < 0.0001) | 0.504 (p < 0.0001) | −2.214 (p < 0.0001) | 0.195 (p = 0.31) |
Male (ref. female) | 1.33 (1.29, 1.37) | 1.34 (1.30, 1.38) | ||
Age (per 5 years) | 1.03 (1.03, 1.03) | 1.03 (1.02, 1.03) | ||
Type of insurance (ref. national health insurance) | ||||
Medical aid | 0.93 (0.87, 0.99) | 0.93 (0.87, 0.99) | ||
Vehicle insurance & others | 28.71 (27.44, 30.04) | 28.17 (26.89, 29.50) | ||
Financial independence ratio | 0.994 (0.989, 0.998) | 0.995 (0.991, 0.999) | ||
Percentage of people with education less than a high school diploma | 1.010 (1.001, 1.018) | 1.009 (1.001, 1.017) | ||
Percentage of moderate physical activity | 1.010 (1.003, 1.018) | 1.012 (1.006, 1.018) | ||
Percentage of high risk drinking | 1.002 (0.992, 1.012) | 1.003 (0.995, 1.012) | ||
Random effect (variance) | ||||
Community | 0.146 (p < 0.0001) | 0.118 (p < 0.0001) | 0.124 (p < 0.0001) | 0.095 (p < 0.0001) |