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Table 3 Intakes for selected nutrients, probability of adequate nutrient intake, and estimated average requirement between women in FiLWHEL and KNHANESa

From: Dietary diversity and nutritional adequacy among married Filipino immigrant women: The Filipino Women’s Diet and Health Study (FiLWHEL)

Nutrients

Intake

PAb

Below the EARc

FiLWHEL

KNHANES

P-valued

FiLWHEL

KNHANES

P-valued

FiLWHEL

KNHANES

P-valuee

Energy (kcal)

1813.3 ± 638.6

1853.9 ± 648.8

0.32

-

-

-

307 (64.8)f

291 (61.4)

0.28

Fat (g)

54.5 ± 29.2

45.7 ± 27.0

<0.001

-

-

-

-

-

-

Carbohydrates (g)

257.1 ± 102.1

283.6 ± 103.9

<0.001

-

-

-

-

-

-

Protein (g)

72.6 ± 32.2

70.6 ± 35.8

0.14

0.81 ± 0.34

0.80 ± 0.34

0.22

89 (18.8)

92 (19.4)

0.80

Vitamin C (mg)

88.6 ± 85.8

105.2 ± 102.4

0.01

0.42 ± 0.46

0.48 ± 0.46

0.006

275 (58.0)

247 (52.1)

0.07

Vitamin A (ug RE)

581.2 ± 630.6

881.1 ± 925.8

<0.001

0.43 ± 0.43

0.65 ± 0.41

<0.001

276 (58.2)

166 (35.0)

<0.001

Calcium (mg)

396.2 ± 280.4

484.6 ± 333.4

<0.001

0.26 ± 0.38

0.36 ± 0.40

<0.001

352 (74.3)

313 (66.0)

0.005

Vitamin B-1 (mg)

1.31 ± 1.19

1.67 ± 0.84

<0.001

0.61 ± 0.45

0.80 ± 0.36

<0.001

186 (39.2)

92 (19.4)

<0.001

Vitamin B-2 (mg)

1.05 ± 0.60

1.32 ± 0.67

<0.001

0.42 ± 0.45

0.62 ± 0.44

<0.001

276 (58.2)

178 (37.6)

<0.001

Iron (mg)

12.7 ± 8.4

15.5 ± 8.6

<0.001

0.51 ± 0.44

0.67 ± 0.41

<0.001

234 (49.4)

158 (33.3)

<0.001

Niacin (mg)

16.9 ± 9.2

16.5 ± 8.4

0.43

0.70 ± 0.41

0.70 ± 0.39

0.74

144 (30.4)

139 (29.3)

0.72

Phosphorus (mg)

949.5 ± 440.4

1057.9 ± 448.9

<0.001

0.80 ± 0.36

0.89 ± 0.27

<0.001

91 (19.2)

51 (10.8)

<0.001

MPA

-

-

-

0.55 ± 0.28

0.66 ± 0.26

<0.001

-

-

-

  1. Abbreviations: FiLWHEL Filipino Women’s Diet and Health Study, KNHANES Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, PA probability of adequate nutrient intake, EAR estimated average requirement, EER estimated energy requirement, MPA mean probability of adequate nutrient intake, RNI recommended nutrient intake
  2. aValues are mean ± SD unless otherwise indicated. Age category-matching was taken into account
  3. bThe PA for each nutrient’s z-score, estimated intake-EAR/SD, was determined by using the “probnorm” statistical function in SAS [57, 58]
  4. cEER for energy and EAR for the rest of nutrients
  5. dBased on Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test
  6. eBased on McNemar’s test
  7. fValues are n (%)
  8. -Not applicable