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Table 2 Chi2 associations between sexual initiation and sociodemographics, and adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for the association between sexual initiation and sociodemographic and lifestyle characteristics by gender

From: Sexual intercourse, age of initiation and contraception among adolescents in Ireland: findings from the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) Ireland study

 

Chi2 association between sexual initiation and sociodemographic characteristics

Adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for the association between sexual initiation and sociodemographic and lifestyle characteristics

 

Boys (n = 2151)

Girls (n = 1923)

Boys (n = 1742)

Girls (n = 1604)

 

Sexually initiated

% (n)

Not sexually initiated

% (n)

Sexually initiated

% (n)

Not sexually initiated

% (n)

(EXP B) OR

95% C.I. for EXP (B)

(EXP B) OR

95% C.I. for EXP (B)

Sociodemographics

 

 Age

  15 years

26.5 (243)***

73.5 (673)

16.2 (136)***

83.8 (703)

1.302**

1.075–1.578

1.628***

1.326–1.998

  16 years

25.7 (196)

74.3 (568)

21.9 (155)

78.1 (552)

    

  17 years

38.4 (155)

61.6 (249)

37.2 (124)

62.8 (209)

    

  18 years

37.3 (25)

62.7 (42)

54.5 (24)

45.5 (20)

    

 Social Class (SES)

  Low

29.3 (76)***

70.7 (183)

27.9 (68)***

72.1 (176)

1 (ref)

 

1 (ref)

 

  Middle

30.2 (221)

69.8 (512)

25.0 (157)

75.0 (470)

1.019

0.687–1.512

1.109

0.679–1.812

  High

23.2 (197)

76.8 (652)

17.6 (145)

82.4 (678)

0.889

0.593–1.333

0.732

0.461–1.162

 Family affluence (FAS)

  Low

35.0 (75)

65.0 (139)

29.9 (60)***

70.1 (141)

1.225

0.714–2.100

1.351

0.766–2.382

  Middle

27.7 (253)

72.3 (662)

25.2 (185)

74.8 (550)

0.956

0.722–1.265

1.176

0.856–1.615

  High

26.8 (249)

73.2 (681)

19.3 (180)

80.7 (754)

1 (ref)

 

1 (ref)

 

 Urban/rural status

  Urban

29.4 (389)

70.6 (935)

22.2 (285)

77.8 (1000)

1.001

(0.699–1.433)

0.964

0.671–1.385

  Rural

27.8 (230)

72.2 (597)

24.1 (154)

75.9 (484)

1 (ref)

 

1 (ref)

 

 Traveller statusb

  Traveller

84.4 (28)***

15.2 (5)

45.5 (10)**

54.5 (12)

4.554*

1.210–17.140

2.873

0.885–9.321

  Non-traveller

27.9 (584)

72.1 (1510)

22.6 (423)

77.4 (1451)

1 (ref)

 

1 (ref)

 

 Disability/Chronic illness (D/CI)

  D/CI

30.7 (143)

69.3 (323)

26.8 (105)*

73.2 (287)

1 (ref)

 

1 (ref)

 

  No D/CI

28.2 (467)

71.8 (1190)

21.7 (327)

78.3 (1179)

0.873

0.643-1.186

0.901

0.621-1.307

 Household composition

  Living with both parents

25.0 (411)***

75.0 (1232)

19.8 (287)***

80.2 (1164)

1 (ref)

 

1 (ref)

 

  Not living with both parents

40.7 (203)

59.3 (296)

32.3 (151)

67.7 (317)

1.604**

1.134–2.268

1.233

0.883–1.721

Lifestyle characteristics

 Positive lifestyle behaviours

  Frequency of physical activity

    

1.127

0.976–1302

1.051

0.897–1.232

  Active travel

    

0.953

0.824–1.102

0.827

0.681–1.004

  Eating breakfast

    

0.958

0.825–1.112

1.070

0.928–1.234

  Healthy food consumption

    

1.021

0.903–1.156

0.865

0.739–1.013

  Health protective behaviour

    

0.927

0.802–1.071

0.972

0.760–1.244

 Negative lifestyle behaviours

        

  Alcohol involvement

    

2.162***

1.831–2.554

2.098***

1.779–2.474

  Cannabis involvement

    

1.581***

1.374–1.818

1.531***

1.246–1.881

  Unhealthy food from parents

    

1.039

0.911–1.185

1.086

0.937–1.258

  Tobacco involvement

    

1.409***

1.228–1.618

1.833***

1.593–2.110

  Unhealthy food consumption

    

1.114

0.976–1.272

1.202*

1.036–1.394

 Health

  Experience of health symptoms

    

1.105

0.951–1.284

1.138

0.950–1.362

  Quality of life

    

1.034

0.877–1.220

0.952

0.807–1.124

  Medication for physical symptoms

    

1.167*

1.012–1.345

1.117

0.962–1.296

  Medication for psychological symptoms

    

1.093

0.935–1.278

1.068

0.935–1.220

Socio-cultural environment

  Communication with friends

    

1.307***

1.140–1.497

1.561***

1.238–1.968

  Sense of community

    

1.131

0.984–1.300

1.125

0.952–1.329

  Poor neighbourhood environment

    

1.313***

1.139–1.514

1.211*

1.038–1.413

  Bullying others

    

1.137

0.972–1.330

1.444*

1.092–1.910

  Music and drama

    

0.754**

0.622–0.913

0.869*

0.759–0.994

  Being bullied

    

1.052

0.925–1.197

1.248*

1.052–1.482

  Club or team activities

    

1.267**

1.108–1.449

1.009

0.861–1.183

  Parental communication

    

0.986

0.838–1.160

0.918

0.774–1.088

  Health check ups

    

1.011

0.876–1.166

1.074

0.938–1.230

  1. * p ≤ .05; ** p ≤ .01; *** p ≤ .001. Nagelkerke R2 = 0.631 (boys), Nagelkerke R2 = 0.399 (girls)
  2. bCaution must be taken when extrapolating from this finding given the small sample size