Table 1 Demographic characteristic of the respondents
|  | Men (n = 3625, 46.9%) | Women (n = 4096, 53.1%) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Characteristics | No. | (%) | No. | (%) |
Neighborhood social capital | ||||
 Lowest | 812 | (22.4) | 865 | (21.1) |
 Low | 852 | (23.5) | 901 | (22.0) |
 High | 1021 | (28.2) | 1189 | (29.0) |
 Highest | 736 | (20.3) | 868 | (21.2) |
 Missing | 204 | (5.6) | 273 | (6.7) |
Age (years) | ||||
 20–39 | 935 | (25.8) | 1036 | (25.3) |
 40–59 | 1208 | (33.3) | 1346 | (32.9) |
 60–79 | 1198 | (33.1) | 1286 | (31.4) |
  ≥ 80 | 284 | (7.8) | 428 | (10.5) |
Educational attainment | ||||
 Low | 2496 | (68.9) | 2774 | (67.7) |
 Medium | 329 | (9.1) | 904 | (22.1) |
 High | 755 | (20.8) | 335 | (8.2) |
 Missing | 45 | (1.2) | 83 | (2.0) |
Occupation | ||||
 Blue collar | 1581 | (43.6) | 1270 | (31.0) |
 White collar | 1111 | (30.7) | 1026 | (25.1) |
 Others | 852 | (23.5) | 1711 | (41.8) |
 Missing | 81 | (2.2) | 89 | (2.2) |
Annual household income (Million Yen) | ||||
  < 2 | 105 | (2.9) | 174 | (4.3) |
 2–3.99 | 502 | (13.9) | 526 | (12.8) |
 4–5.99 | 602 | (16.6) | 572 | (14.0) |
 6–7.99 | 485 | (13.4) | 483 | (11.8) |
  ≥ 8 | 708 | (19.5) | 657 | (16.0) |
 Missing | 1223 | (33.7) | 1684 | (41.1) |
Smoking status | ||||
 Non-smoker | 1909 | (52.7) | 3629 | (88.6) |
 Ex-smoker | 464 | (12.8) | 117 | (2.9) |
 Smoker | 1217 | (33.6) | 313 | (7.6) |
 Missing | 35 | (1.0) | 37 | (0.9) |
Alcohol Drinking | ||||
 Non-drinker | 1453 | (40.1) | 2971 | (72.5) |
 Occasional drinker | 1366 | (37.7) | 946 | (23.1) |
 Daily drinker | 775 | (21.4) | 142 | (3.5) |
 Missing | 31 | (0.9) | 37 | (0.9) |
Physical activity | ||||
 Active | 1517 | (41.9) | 1490 | (36.4) |
 Inactive | 1593 | (43.9) | 1993 | (48.7) |
 Missing | 515 | (14.2) | 613 | (15.0) |
BMI (kg/m2) | ||||
 Underweight | 198 | (5.5) | 525 | (12.8) |
 Normal | 2432 | (67.1) | 2818 | (68.8) |
 Overweight | 781 | (21.5) | 469 | (11.5) |
 Obese | 110 | (3.0) | 72 | (1.8) |
 Missing | 104 | (2.9) | 212 | (5.2) |
Non-communicable disease | ||||
 Present | 1859 | (51.3) | 2175 | (53.1) |
 Absent | 1717 | (47.4) | 1858 | (45.4) |
 Missing | 49 | (1.4) | 63 | (1.5) |
Insufficient sleep | ||||
 Yes | 1513 | (41.7) | 1857 | (45.3) |
 No | 1941 | (53.5) | 2014 | (49.2) |
 Missing | 171 | (4.7) | 225 | (5.5) |