Table 6 The association between fiscal rules and the level of public health care expenditure
From: Fiscal rules, powerful levers for controlling the health budget? Evidence from 32 OECD countries
| Â | Inflation adjusted government health care expenditure in log | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Â | (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | (7) |
| Â | All countries | Exclude Cluster I countries | |||||
FR | − 0.03** |  |  |  | − 0.04*** |  |  |
| Â | (0.01) | Â | Â | Â | (0.01) | Â | Â |
ER |  | −0.04** |  |  |  | − 0.05*** |  |
| Â | Â | (0.01) | Â | Â | Â | (0.01) | Â |
BBR (detailed levels) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | ||
National |  |  | −0.02 |  |  |  |  |
| Â | Â | Â | (0.02) | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Supranational |  |  | −0.06*** |  |  |  |  |
| Â | Â | Â | (0.02) | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Both |  |  | −0.08*** |  |  |  |  |
| Â | Â | Â | (0.02) | Â | Â | Â | Â |
BBR |  |  |  | −0.04** |  |  | − 0.05*** |
| Â | Â | Â | Â | (0.01) | Â | Â | (0.01) |
Log debt | −0.03** | −0.03* | −0.03* | − 0.03** | −0.03* | − 0.03* | −0.03* |
| Â | (0.01) | (0.01) | (0.01) | (0.01) | (0.01) | (0.01) | (0.01) |
Log GDP | 0.75*** | 0.71*** | 0.83*** | 0.77*** | 0.68*** | 0.62*** | 0.70*** |
| Â | (0.06) | (0.05) | (0.06) | (0.06) | (0.06) | (0.05) | (0.06) |
Log population | 0.17 | 0.22 | −0.08 | 0.13 | 0.13 | 0.19 | 0.08 |
| Â | (0.12) | (0.12) | (0.15) | (0.12) | (0.13) | (0.13) | (0.13) |
IMF bailout | −0.03 | − 0.03 | − 0.04 | − 0.03 | − 0.05* | − 0.04 | −0.04 |
| Â | (0.02) | (0.02) | (0.02) | (0.02) | (0.02) | (0.02) | (0.02) |
Constant | −12.80*** | −12.41*** | −11.31*** | −12.58*** | −10.60*** | −9.95*** | −10.26*** |
| Â | (1.64) | (1.62) | (1.71) | (1.62) | (1.73) | (1.71) | (1.71) |
Country FE | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
Year FE | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
N | 717 | 717 | 717 | 717 | 609 | 609 | 609 |
adj. R2 | 0.997 | 0.997 | 0.997 | 0.997 | 0.997 | 0.997 | 0.997 |