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Table 2 Characteristics at baseline (2002) of the total sample and the sample according to the subsequent development of hypertension

From: Is waist-to-height ratio the best predictive indicator of hypertension incidence? A cohort study

Variables

Overall (n = 471)

Hypertensives (n = 207)

Non-hypertensives (n = 264)

Gender, n (%)

 Male

152 (32.3)

74 (35.8)

78 (29.6)

 Female

319 (67.7)

133 (64.2)

186 (70.4)

Age, years (mean ± SD)

38.9 ± 12.3

44.3 ± 12.2

34.7 ± 10.7*

Education, years (mean ± SD)

6.7 ± 4.0

5.9 ± 4.1

7.3 ± 3.8*

Marital status, n (%) (n = 466)

 With partner

338 (72.5)

141 (69.1)

197 (75.2)

 Without partner

128 (27.5)

63 (30.9)

65 (24.8)

Physical activity, n (%)

 Active

270 (57.3)

116 (56.0)

154 (58.3)

 Sedentary

201 (42.7)

91 (44.0)

110 (41.7)

Smoker, n (%)

 Never smoked

291 (61.8)

104 (50.2)

187 (70.8)*

 Smoker

102 (21.7)

56 (27.1)

46 (17.4)

 Ex-smoker

78 (16.6)

47 (22.7)

31 (11.7)

Alcohol consumption, n (%)

 Yes

170 (36.1)

75 (36.2)

95 (36.0)

 No

301 (63.9)

135 (63.8)

169 (64.0)

Food consumption (mean ± SD)

 Score I

7.0 ± 2.3

6.91 ± 2.5

7.15 ± 2.2

 Score II

10.5 ± 3.0

10.5 ± 3.2

10.5 ± 2.7

BMI, n (%)

 Normal weight

283 (60.1)

108 (52.2)

175 (66.3)*

 Overweight

150 (31.8)

75 (36.2)

75 (28.4)

 Obese

38 (8.1)

24 (11.6)

14 (5.3)

BMI, kg/m2 (mean ± SD)

24.5 ± 4.3

25.4 ± 4.6

23.7 ± 3.9*

WC, n (%)

 Appropriate

262 (55.6)

95 (45.9)

167 (65.3)*

 Increased

209 (44.4)

112 (54.1)

97 (36.7)

WC, cm (mean ± SD)

82.7 ± 10.3

85.7 ± 10.5

80.2 ± 9.5*

WHtR, n (%)

 Appropriate

187 (39.7)

57 (27.5)

130 (49.2)*

 Increased

284 (60.3)

150 (72.5)

134 (50.8)

WHtR (mean ± SD)

0.52 ± 0.07

0.54 ± 0.07

0.50 ± 0.06*

  1. SD Standard deviation, Score I: Daily intake of foods considered to increase risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD); Score II: Daily intake of foods considered protective of or having no effect on risk of CVD; BMI: Body mass index; WC: Waist circumference; WHtR: Waist-to-height ratio
  2. *Significant difference between variables according to subsequent development of hypertension (p < 0.05)
  3. Firminópolis, Brazil (2002–2015)