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Table 1 Baseline characteristics of participants in the URMEL-ICE study

From: Cardio-metabolic and socio-environmental correlates of waist-to-height ratio in German primary schoolchildren: a cross-sectional exploration

 

Missing Values

WHtR ≥0.5 (n = 132)

WHtR < 0.5 (n = 621)

Total (n = 753)

Boys, n (%)

 

65 (49.2)

344 (55.4)

409 (54.3)

Age, years [m (sd)]

 

7.57 (0.42)

7.57 (0.41)

7.57 (0.42)

Migration background, n (%)

 

66 (50.0)***

179 (28.8)

245 (32.5)

Parental characteristics

 Maternal smoking during pregnancy, n (%)

9

31 (23.7)**

71 (11.6)

102 (13.7)

 Breastfeeding, n (%)

18

99 (78.0)

500 (82.2)

599 (81.5)

 Single parent, n (%)

5

15 (11.5)

66 (10.7)

81 (10.8)

 At least one parent educated > 10 years, n (%)

 

41 (31.1)***

288 (46.4)

329 (43.7)

 At least one parent obese, n (%)

57

38 (30.9)***

92 (16.1)

130 (18.7)

Children’s lifestyle characteristics

 No breakfast before school, n (%)

10

23 (17.8)

75 (12.2)

98 (13.2)

 Consumption of sweetened drinks > 2/week, n (%)

59

34 (29.6)

143 (24.7)

177 (25.5)

 Screen media ≥1 h/day, n (%)

12

73 (57.0)**

245 (40.0)

318 (42.9)

 Playing outside > 2 times a week, n (%)

16

119 (94.4)

588 (96.2)

707 (95.9)

 Club sports > 2 times a week, n (%)

35

8 (6.5)*

76 (12.8)

84 (11.7)

 Non-club sports > 2 times a week, n (%)

76

29 (25.4)

188 (33.4)

217 (32.1)

  1. m mean, sd standard deviation
  2. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001