Table 1 Biological, socioeconomic, and environmental characteristics, and access to health care services in case and control parishes in Ecuador[n (%) or mean ± SD]
Characteristics | Case-Parishes | Control- Parishes | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
Biological | |||
Children under 1 year of age (% parish population) | |||
< 3 | 45 (86.5) | 918 (94.4) | 0.019 |
≥ 3 | 7 (13.5) | 54 (5.6) | |
Socioeconomic | |||
Educational attainment of head of household (years) | |||
≥ 8 | 28 (53.8) | 166 (17.1) | |
< 8 | 24 (46.2) | 806 (82.9) | < 0.001 |
Quartiles of the number of internal migrants | |||
< 81 | 7 (13.5) | 250 (25.7) | 0.001 |
81–198 | 8 (15.4) | 247 (25.4) | |
199–587 | 12 (23.1) | 245 (25.2) | |
≥ 588 | 25 (48.0) | 230 (23.7) | |
Percent indigenous population | |||
< 1.4 | 11 (21.2) | 501 (51.5) | < 0.001 |
≥ 1.4 | 41 (78.8) | 471 (48.5) | |
Environmental | |||
Parish setting | |||
Rural | 29 (55.8) | 774 (79.6) | < 0.001 |
Urban | 23 (44.2) | 198 (20.4) | |
Crowding (%) | |||
< 14 | 26 (50.0) | 250 (25.7) | 0.002 |
14–20 | 8 (15.4) | 261 (26.9) | |
21–26 | 7 (13.5) | 219 (22.5) | |
≥ 27 | 11 (21.1) | 242 (24.9) | |
Access to health care services | |||
Rate of prior measles immunization | 79.90 ± 18.20 | 88.06 ± 12.06 | 0.02 |
Rate of pregnant women attending antenatal care visita | 83.90 ± 27.73 | 94.38 ± 41.14 | < 0.001 |