|
Male
|
181 (41.1)
|
151 (47.2)
|
158 (58.1)
|
< 0.001
|
|
Mean age in years
|
51.5 ± 14.8
|
45.2 ± 13.2
|
49.7 ± 13.9
|
< 0.001
|
|
Low education level a
|
77 (17.7)
|
193 (62.3)
|
177 (66.8)
|
< 0.001
|
|
Born in the Netherlands
|
428 (97.3)
|
13 (4.8)
|
13 (4.1)
|
< 0.001
|
|
Current cigarette smoking
|
141 (32.2)
|
105 (36.1)
|
40 (15.2)
|
< 0.001
|
|
Alcohol abstinence
|
40 (10.2)
|
211 (81.8)
|
198 (92.5)
|
< 0.001
|
|
Physically active > = 30 min on 5 days
|
306 (69.5)
|
138(43.1)
|
145 (53.3)
|
< 0.001
|
|
Mean body mass index in kg/m2
|
25.8 ± 4.5
|
28.9 ± 5.3
|
27.8 ± 5.3
|
< 0.001
|
|
Diabetes b
|
35 (8.0)
|
62 (19.4)
|
71 (26.3)
|
< 0.001
|
|
-Median non-fasting blood glucose in mmol/L
|
4.9 (4.6–5.5)
|
5.1 (4.6–6.0)
|
5.5 (4.9–6.9)
|
< 0.001
|
|
-Median glycated hemoglobin in %
|
5.5 (5.3–5.8)
|
5.6 (5.3–5.9)
|
5.7 (5.4–9.1)
|
< 0.001
|
|
Elevated Cholesterol c
|
106 (24.1)
|
122 (38.4)
|
81 (30.1)
|
< 0.001
|
|
-Median high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in mmol/L
|
1.5 (1.3–1.8)
|
1.2 (1.0–1.4)
|
1.2 (1.0–1.4)
|
< 0.001
|
|
-Mean total cholesterol in mmol/L
|
5.6 ± 1.1
|
5.2 ± 1.0
|
5.1 ± 1.0
|
< 0.001
|
|
Hypertension d
|
223 (50.8)
|
130 (41.0)
|
108 (39.7)
|
0.001
|
|
-Mean systolic blood pressure in mmHg
|
137.8 ± 23.5
|
129.7 ± 22.1
|
133.2 ± 21.4
|
< 0.001
|
|
-Mean diastolic blood pressure in mmHg
|
82.8 ± 11.6
|
81.6 ± 11.2
|
79.7 ± 10.4
|
0.001
|
