Table 2 Variations in dental caries status by sociodemographic characteristics, BMI status and oral health behaviours
From: Obesity and caries in four-to-six year old English children: a cross-sectional study
Variable | N (% of responders) | dmft Mean (SE) | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|---|
Gender | |||
 Male | 174 (50.1) | 1.07 (0.170) | 0.74–1.41 |
 Female | 173 (49.9) | 0.94 (0.143) | 0.66–1.23 |
Parents’/guardians’ educational attainment | |||
 Up to secondary school | 60 (23.7%) | 0.82 (0.209) | 0.40–1.24 |
 Technical/College | 99 (39.1%) | 1.32 (0.243) | 0.84–1.81 |
 University | 94 (37.2%) | 0.50 (0.127) | 0.25–0.75 |
Household total income | |||
 Up to £25.599 | 94 (37.5%) | 1.37 (0.243) | 0.89–1.86 |
 £26.000 to £36.399 | 45 (17.9%) | 0.44 (0.202) | 0.04–0.85 |
 £36.400 and above | 86 (34.3%) | 0.40 (0.113) | 0.19–0.60 |
 Prefer not to answer | 26 (10.4%) | 1.69 (0.486) | 0.69–2.69 |
Tooth brushing habits | |||
 Once a day or less | 48 (19%) | 1.21 (0.339) | 0.53–1.89 |
 Twice a day or more | 205 (81%) | 0.82 (0.124) | 0.58–1.06 |
Age when children started brushing their teeth | |||
 Under 1 year | 155 (61.85) | 0.83 (0.144) | 0.54–1.11 |
 1–2 years | 79 (31.5%) | 1.10 (0.249) | 0.60–1.60 |
 2–3 years | 11 (4.4%) | 0.55 (0.247) | −0.01-1.10 |
 Cannot remember | 6 (2.4%) | 1.00 (0.683) | −0.76-2.76 |
Adult with child when brushing their teeth | |||
 Yes | 232 (91.7%) | 0.80 (0.113) | 0.58–1.02 |
 No | 21 (8.3%) | 1.95 (0.685) | 0.52–3.38 |
IMD category | |||
 Most deprived (IMD 1) | 180 (53.7%) | 1.29 (0.173) | 0.95–1.63 |
 Middle deprived (IMD 2) | 54 (16.1%) | 1.11 (0.298) | 0.51–1.71 |
 Least deprived (IMD 3) | 101 (30.1%) | 0.45 (0.114) | 0.22–0.67 |
BMI category | |||
 Healthy (>2nd - < 85th centile) | 279 (80.4%) | 0.99 (0.124) | 0.74–1.23 |
 Overweight (≥85th - < 95th centile) | 38 (11%) | 1.18 (0.347) | 0.48–1.89 |
 Obese (≥95th centile) | 30 (8.6%) | 0.97 (0.360) | 0.23–1.70 |