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Table 1 Joinpoint regression analysis of life expectancy in Shanghai Pudong New Area, 1973–2015

From: Understanding the rapid increase in life expectancy in shanghai, China: a population-based retrospective analysis

Phase

Trend period

Difference

Slope (95%CI)

Z

Descent

1973–1976

−2.05

−0.903* (−1.727 – − 0.078)

−2.146

Recovery

1976–1998

4.68

0.253*** (0.211–0.295)

11.816

Rapid rise

1998–2004

4.31

0.630** (0.261–0.998)

3.346

Slow rise

2004–2015

2.19

0.228*** (0.117–0.339)

4.016

  1. *P-value< 0.05; **P -value< 0.01; ***P -value< 0.001