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Table 3 Comparisons between mammography screening use and health beliefs/illness perception constructs. For all constructs, Mann Whitney test and Independent Samples t-test were applied to compare ‘LIFETIME ATTENDEES’ and ‘LIFETIME NON-ATTENDEES’

From: Lifetime utilization of mammography among Maltese women: a cross-sectional survey

 

LIFETIME ATTENDEES

(n = 348)

LIFETIME NON-ATTENDEES

(n = 56)

Test Statistic

p-value

Perceived Susceptibility

M = 9.6, SD = 1.0

M = 9.6, SD = 1.0

10,065.5a

0.669

Perceived Benefits

M = 24.0, SD = 1.8

M = 23.1, SD = 1.5

6816.5a

<  0.001*

Perceived Barriers

M = 27.5, SD = 4.9

M = 34.8, SD = 4.9

16,569.5a

<  0.001*

Cues to action

M = 27.3, SD = 3.2

M = 23.1, SD = 4.8

4306.0a

<  0.001*

Self-Efficacy

M = 24.8, SD = 2.7

M = 22.7, SD = 2.8

6114.5a

<  0.001*

Breast Cancer Identity

M = 30.6, SD = 2.3

M = 30.7, SD = 2.0

10,344.0a

0.434

Causes of Breast Cancer

M = 56.0, SD = 7.2

M = 57.4, SD = 6.9

-1.3b

0.186

Cancer Timeline: Acute/Chronic

M = 6.1, SD = 0.9

M = 6.2, SD = 0.9

10,213.5a

0.534

Cancer Timeline: Cyclical

M = 3.6, SD = 0.7

M = 3.4, SD = 0.7

8513.0a

0.069

Consequences

M = 28.2, SD = 2.5

M = 28.5, SD = 2.0

9909.0a

0.837

Personal Control

M = 11.8, SD = 0.8

M = 11.9, SD = 0.5

9890.0a

0.757

Treatment Control

M = 9.9, SD = 0.7

M = 10.0, SD = 0.5

10,592.0a

0.119

Illness Coherence

M = 7.0, SD = 1.1

M = 7.0, SD = 1.1

9857.5a

0.880

Emotional Representations

M = 12.2, SD = 2.1

M = 12.7, SD = 2.5

11,431.5a

0.033*

  1. *Statistically significant, a Mann Whitney test, b Independent Samples t-test