Table 1 Characteristics of the study population
N | Percent | Mean | SD | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age, years | 5076 | 54.3 | 3.8 | |
Gender | ||||
Men | 3537 | 70 | ||
Women | 1539 | 30 | ||
Education | ||||
Unskilled | 366 | 7 | ||
Skilled | 1869 | 38 | ||
Short-education | 509 | 10 | ||
Medium-education | 1330 | 27 | ||
Long-education | 902 | 18 | ||
Lifestyle | ||||
BMI (kg/m2) | 5076 | 26.0 | 4.1 | |
Physical activity (1–4; high-low) | 5076 | 2.7 | 0.65 | |
Smoking (yes and ex-smoker) | 1102 | 22 | ||
Smoking (no) | 3922 | 78 | ||
Physical work environment during working life | ||||
Sedentary work | 2618 | 53 | ||
Moderate physical work | 1072 | 22 | ||
Hard physical work | 827 | 17 | ||
Very hard physical work | 414 | 8 | ||
Chronic diseases | ||||
Back disease (have or have had) | 1306 | 26 | ||
No back disease | 3705 | 74 | ||
Cancer inclusive leukemia (have or have had) | 212 | 4 | ||
No cancer inclusive leukemia | 4799 | 96 | ||
Chronic depression or anxiety (have or have had) | 516 | 10 | ||
No chronic depression or anxiety | 4497 | 90 | ||