Table 3 Multivariable analysis of the associations between personal and behavioural factors and being in the highest quintile of the three dietary patterns identified, 4372 participants of the CoLaus study, 2009–2012, Lausanne, Switzerland

 Woman

1 (ref.)

1 (ref.)

1 (ref.)

 Man

1.89 (1.64–2.19)

0.48 (0.42–0.56)

1.37 (1.19–1.57)

p-value

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

 40–49

1 (ref.)

1 (ref.)

1 (ref.)

 50–59

0.92 (0.78–1.08)

1.15 (0.96–1.38)

1.03 (0.87–1.22)

 60–69

0.71 (0.59–0.87)

1.36 (1.13–1.64)

0.93 (0.77–1.13)

 70–79

0.71 (0.55–0.91)

1.15 (0.91–1.47)

1.28 (1.03–1.58)

p-value for trend

0.001

0.116

0.072

 Switzerland

1 (ref.)

1 (ref.)

1 (ref.)

 France

1.51 (1.16–1.95) **

1.07 (0.83–1.40)

1.39 (1.09–1.77) **

 Italy

0.98 (0.70–1.36)

1.19 (0.85–1.65)

1.04 (0.76–1.42)

 Portugal

2.04 (1.56–2.67) ***

2.05 (1.49–2.80) ***

0.90 (0.62–1.30)

 Spain

1.93 (1.42–2.63) ***

1.50 (1.05–2.16) *

0.92 (0.60–1.39)

 Other

1.52 (1.26–1.83) ***

1.13 (0.94–1.35)

1.09 (0.90–1.33)

 University

1 (ref.)

1 (ref.)

1 (ref.)

 High school

1.00 (0.82–1.22)

0.81 (0.68–0.97)

1.06 (0.87–1.29)

 Apprenticeship

1.07 (0.88–1.30)

0.61 (0.50–0.74)

1.15 (0.96–1.39)

 Primary

1.26 (0.99–1.60)

0.61 (0.48–0.78)

1.22 (0.96–1.57)

p-value for trend

0.045

< 0.001

0.077

 Never

1 (ref.)

1 (ref.)

1 (ref.)

 Former

0.92 (0.79–1.07)

1.08 (0.93–1.25)

1.13 (0.97–1.31)

 Current

1.13 (0.95–1.34)

0.64 (0.52–0.79)

1.19 (0.99–1.41)

p-value for trend

0.162

< 0.001

0.059

 No

1 (ref.)

1 (ref.)

1 (ref.)

 Yes

0.85 (0.73–0.99)

1.44 (1.25–1.65)

0.66 (0.56–0.78)

p-value

0.032

< 0.001

< 0.001

BMI categories

 Normal

1 (ref.)

1 (ref.)

1 (ref.)

 Overweight

1.21 (1.03–1.41)

0.94 (0.81–1.10)

0.89 (0.77–1.03)

 Obese

1.43 (1.18–1.74)

0.85 (0.69–1.04)

0.74 (0.60–0.92)

p-value for trend

< 0.001

0.120

0.006