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Table 1 Standard case definitions according to IDSR national guidelines and study classifications

From: Health worker knowledge of Integrated Disease Surveillance and Response standard case definitions: a cross-sectional survey at rural health facilities in Kenya

 

Standard case definitions (suspected case) in the IDSR technical guidelines

Study definitions based on key words

Dysentery (Shigella)

A person with diarrhoea with visible blood in stool

Correct

Diarrhea and blood

Partially correct

Diarrhea, blood, and other related symptoms1

Incorrect

No mention of diarrhea or blood

Do not know

No mention of signs and symptoms

Measles

Any person with fever and maculopapular (non-vesicular) generalized rash and any one of the following: cough, coryza (irritation and inflammation of the mucosal membrane of the nose), conjunctivitis (red eyes), any person in whom a clinician suspects measles

Correct

Fever, rash, cough, coryza, and conjunctivitis

Partially correct

Fever, rash, and at least one of the following symptoms: cough, coryza, and conjunctivitis; with or without related symptoms

Incorrect

No mention of rash or fever

Do not know

No mention of signs and symptoms

Dengue fever

Any person with acute febrile illness of 2–7 days duration with 2 or more of the following: headache, retro-orbital pain (pain behind the eyes), myalgia (muscle pain), arthralgia (joint pain), rash, haemorrhagic manifestations, leukopenia (low white blood cells)

Correct

Fever, headache, retro-orbital pain, myalgia, arthralgia, rash, hemorrhagic manifestations, and leukopenia

Partially correct

Fever and at least two of the following symptoms: headache, retro-orbital pain, myalgia, arthralgia, rash, hemorrhagic manifestations, and leukopenia

Incorrect

No mention of fever; or mention of fever with less than two of the following symptoms: headache, retro-orbital pain, myalgia, arthralgia, rash, hemorrhagic manifestations, and leukopenia

Do not know

No mention of signs and symptoms

  1. 1Other related symptoms include: abdominal pain/cramps, fever, and frequency of diarrhea in a day