Table 1 Participants baseline characteristics according to systolic blood pressure groups
Systolic pressure groups | P | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | Q5 | Q6 | ||
<100 mmHg | 100–119 mmHg | 120–139 mmHg | 140–159 mmHg | 160–179 mmHg | ≥180 mmHg | ||
Participants, n | 3562 | 29,723 | 48,420 | 25,273 | 9918 | 3286 | |
Men, n (%) | 1801 (50.6) | 20,740 (69.8) | 40,066 (82.7) | 21,652 (85.7) | 8481 (85.5) | 2894 (88.1) | <0.0001 |
Age, years | 41.8 ± 12.7 | 44.9 ± 12.4 | 49.4 ± 12.34 | 54.7 ± 11.7 | 57.2 ± 11.0 | 58.7 ± 10.5 | <0.0001 |
SBP, mm Hg | 92.4 ± 4.5 | 109.5 ± 5.6 | 126.3 ± 5.8 | 145.7 ± 5.8 | 164.5 ± 5.6 | 189.4 ± 12.5 | <0.0001 |
DBP, mm Hg | 62.8 ± 5.2 | 73.9 ± 6.4 | 83.4 ± 6.8 | 90.9 ± 8.8 | 97.8 ± 10.5 | 106.9 ± 14.1 | <0.0001 |
(lg)TG, mmol/L | −0.01 ± 0.24 | 0.06 ± 0.26 | 0.14 ± 0.27 | 0.18 ± 0.27 | 0.19 ± 0.26 | 0.21 ± 0.27 | <0.0001 |
LDL-C, mmol/L | 2.2 ± 0.8 | 2.4 ± 0.9 | 2.4 ± 1.0 | 2.5 ± 1.0 | 2.5 ± 1.2 | 2.5 ± 1.0 | <0.0001 |
HDL-C, mmol/L | 1.5 ± 0.4 | 1.5 ± 0.4 | 1.5 ± 0.4 | 1.6 ± 0.4 | 1.6 ± 0.6 | 1.6 ± 0.4 | <0.0001 |
FBG, mmol/L | 5.0 ± 1.3 | 5.2 ± 1.4 | 5.5 ± 1.6 | 5.7 ± 1.8 | 5.9 ± 2.0 | 5.9 ± 2.0 | <0.0001 |
BMI, kg/m2 | 22.5 ± 3.1 | 23.8 ± 3.2 | 25.0 ± 3.4 | 25.9 ± 3.5 | 26.2 ± 3.5 | 26.4 ± 3.8 | <0.0001 |
(lg)hs-CRP, mmol/L | −0.18 ± 0.62 | −0.13 ± 0.64 | −0.08 ± 0.65 | 0.02 ± 0.64 | 0.06 ± 0.63 | 0.10 ± 0.64 | <0.0001 |
Education, n (%) | <0.0001 | ||||||
Illiteracy/primary | 164 (4.9) | 1845 (6.5) | 4061 (8.7) | 3163 (13.0) | 1498 (15.6) | 592 (18.4) | |
Middle school | 2443 (72.5) | 22,625 (79.2) | 39,257 (83.9) | 20,165 (82.9) | 7887 (82.0) | 2566 (79.6) | |
College/University | 764 (22.7) | 4079 (14.3) | 3489 (7.5) | 995 (4.1) | 230 (2.4) | 66 (2.0) | |
Physical activity 3 times/week, n (%) | 352 (10.6) | 3589 (12.8) | 6753 (14.7) | 4277 (18.0) | 1845 (19.7) | 648 (20.6) | <0.0001 |
Past/current alcohol drinker, n(%) | 1229 (36.4) | 12,122 (42.3) | 20,320 (43.2) | 9997 (40.7) | 3582 (37.1) | 1256 (38.8) | <0.0001 |
Past/current smoker, n(%) | 1086 (32.1) | 11,582 (40.4) | 19,771 (42.1) | 9868 (40.2) | 3587 (37.1) | 1274 (39.4) | <0.0001 |
Use of antihypertensives, n(%) | 17 (0.5) | 366 (1.2) | 1750 (3.6) | 2629 (10.4) | 1796 (18.1) | 768 (23.4) | <0.0001 |
Diuretic, n(%) | 3 (0.1) | 82 (0.3) | 419 (0.9) | 541 (2.1) | 339 (3.4) | 129 (3.9) | <0.0001 |
CCB, n(%) | 5 (0.1) | 84 (0.3) | 373 (0.8) | 591 (2.3) | 358 (3.6) | 146 (4.4) | <0.0001 |
ACEI/ARB, n(%) | 4 (0.1) | 86 (0.3) | 336 (0.7) | 544 (2.2) | 313 (3.2) | 137 (9.6) | <0.0001 |
β-Blockers, n(%) | 0 (0) | 40 (0.1) | 143 (0.3) | 202 (0.8) | 110 (1.1) | 59 (1.8) | <0.0001 |