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Table 2 Crude and multivariate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the risk of mental disability pension (DP) in the follow-up period (2005–2010) in relation to immigration status, stratified by age (median) and using natives as the reference group

From: Risk of disability pension in first and second generation immigrants: the role of age and region of birth in a prospective population-based study from Sweden

Age/ Immigration status

Population

N (%)

Mental DP

n (%)

Crude

HR (95% CI)

Model 1

HR (95% CI)

Model 2

HR (95% CI)

<35 years

Natives

1,242,910 (99.1)

11,478 (0.9)

1

1

1

First generation

253,868 (98.9)

2820 (1.1)

1.26 (1.20–1.31)

1.13 (1.08–1.17)

1.17 (1.12–1.22)

Second generation

74,709 (98.6)

1092 (1.4)

1.59 (1.49–1.69)

1.36 (1.28–1.45)

1.29 (1.21–1.37)

Second/

Intermediate generation

138,386 (98.7)

1838 (1.3)

1.44 (1.37–1.51)

1.33 (1.27–1.40)

1.21 (1.15–1.27)

≥35 years

Natives

1,292,795 (98.7)

17,240 (1.3)

1

1

1

First generation

285,984 (97.4)

7752 (2.6)

2.08 (2.03–2.14)

1.88 (1.82–1.93)

1.74 (1.69–1.79)

Second generation

46,198 (98.2)

845 (1.8)

1.37 (1.28–1.47)

1.28 (1.20–1.36)

1.18 (1.10–1.27)

Second/

Intermediate generation

127,054 (98.4)

2086 (1.6)

1.23 (1.17–1.28)

1.18 (1.13–1.24)

1.13 (1.08–1.18)

  1. Model 1: adjusted for sex, educational level, family situation, residential area, and unemployment status
  2. Model 2: like Model 1 and additionally adjusted for healthcare variables (diagnosis-specific in- and specialized outpatient healthcare)