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Table 1 Sociodemographic Characteristics of Adolescents regarding SLT and/or BQ Use (n = 2140)

From: Individual, social and environmental determinants of smokeless tobacco and betel quid use amongst adolescents of Karachi: a school-based cross-sectional survey

 

NON-USERS

USERS

chi-square value

p-value

Characteristics

N (%)

N (%)

  

Individual characteristics

 Age

  11–12 Years

446 (36.3%)

275 (30.2%)

8.91

0.002

   > 12 Years

782 (63.7%)

637 (69.8%)

  

 Gender

  Female

549 (44.7%)

329 (36.1%)

16.12

< 0.001

  Male

679 (55.3%)

583 (63.9%)

  

 School

  Private

833 (67.8%)

520 (57.0%)

26.33

< 0.001

  Government

395 (32.2%)

392 (43.0%)

  

 Father’s Education

  No formal education

331 (27.0%)

264 (28.9%)

34.39

< 0.001

  Primary

165 (13.4%)

182 (20.0%)

  

  Secondary

422 (34.4%)

318 (34.9%)

  

  Higher Education

310 (25.2%)

148 (16.2%)

  

 Mother’s Education

  No formal education

419 (34.1%)

363 (39.8%)

24.35

< 0.001

  Primary

197 (16.0%)

173 (19.0%)

  

  Secondary

408 (33.2%)

284 (31.1%)

  

  Higher Education

204 (16.6%)

92 (10.1%)

  

  Parent’s Occupation

  Neither works

61 (5.0%)

49 (5.4%)

0.56

0.907

  Only father works

967 (78.7%)

710 (77.9%)

  

  Only mother works

45 (3.7%)

31 (3.4%)

  

  Both work

155 (12.6%)

122 (13.4%)

  

 Weekly pocket money

   < 100

130 (10.6%)

68 (7.5%)

17.18

< 0.001

  100–300

727 (59.2%)

618 (67.8%)

  

   > 300

371 (30.2%)

226 (24.8%)

  

 School Type-Gender Based

  Only Girls

258 (21.0%)

132 (14.5%)

20.38

< 0.001

  Co-education

644 (52.4%)

558 (61.2%)

  

  Only Boys

326 (26.5%)

222 (24.3%)

  
  1. SLT Smokeless tobacco, BQ Betel quid