Table 2 Attributes of self-reported injury related events comparing those working in a licensed versus un-licensed ASGM site
Injury-related events | Licensed (N = 62) % | Unlicensed (N = 59) % | All sites (N = 121) % | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Activity at the time of injury | ||||
Excavation | 55 | 63 | 59 | 0.16 |
Crushing | 23 | 24 | 23 | |
Washing/sluicing | 3 | 0 | 2 | |
Burning | 0 | 3 | 2 | |
Movement between locations | 19 | 9 | 14 | |
Time of day injury occurred | ||||
Morning | 44 | 44 | 44 | 0.79 |
Afternoon | 39 | 34 | 36 | |
Evening/night | 18 | 22 | 20 | |
Cause of injury | ||||
Struck by an object | 76 | 58 | 67 | 0.10 |
Machinery/tool | 11 | 15 | 13 | |
Fire/flames/heat | 0 | 3 | 2 | |
Fall from a height | 0 | 7 | 3 | |
Fall on level ground | 5 | 0 | 3 | |
Physical assault | 0 | 3 | 2 | |
Other | 5 | 9 | 7 | |
Severity of injury | ||||
Mild | 32 | 29 | 31 | 0.20 |
Moderate | 40 | 29 | 35 | |
Severe | 27 | 42 | 35 | |
Number of injury episodes experienced by individual miners | ||||
1 | 71 | 56 | 64 | 0.04 |
2 | 21 | 19 | 20 | |
3 | 8 | 17 | 12 | |
4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
5 | 0 | 9 | 4 | |
Work experience (in years) | ||||
0–5 | 52 | 37 | 45 | 0.02 |
6–10 | 26 | 20 | 23 | |
11–15 | 5 | 19 | 12 | |
16–20 | 10 | 22 | 16 | |
> 20 | 8 | 2 | 5 | |
Training | ||||
Yes | 34 | 24 | 29 | 0.22 |
No | 66 | 76 | 71 | |
Use of PPE at the time of injury | ||||
Yes | 27 | 9 | 18 | 0.009 |
No | 73 | 92 | 82 | |