Study | Fat results (Cohens’ d or mean differencea (95% CI) | Outcome method | Direction of assoc. Intervention vs control |
---|---|---|---|
Family studies | |||
Hendrie 2011 | Total fat Mean diff = −10.9 g/day (−19.3, −2.5), Saturated fat Mean diff = −8.1 g/day (−11.9 to −4.3) | 24 h recall ×3 | + |
Kaitosaari 2006 STRIP study | Total fat Boys d = −0.24 (−0.68, 0.20); Girls d = −0.78 (−1.22,-0.34) Saturated fat Boys d = −0.79 (−1.22,-0.34); Girls d = −1.17 (−1.63, −0.71) Polyunsaturated fat Boys d = 0.55 (0.10, 0.99); Girls d = 0.62 (0.19, 1.06) | 4 day food record | + |
Raitakari 2005 | Saturated fat Girls age 11 d = −0.46 (−0.76, −0.17) Boys d = −0.95 (−1.25, −0.64) | 4 day food record | + |
Olvera 2008, 2010 | Reduced intake of high fat foods d = 0.39 (−0.28, 1.06) | FFQ | + |
Stolley 1997 | Saturated fat d = 0.39 (−0.17, 0.95) Fat % of Total energy d = 0.54 (−0.02, 1.11) | FFQ | + |
School studies with no parent component | |||
Andersen 2014 | Total fat d = 0.00 (−0.11,0.10), Saturated fat d = 0.00 (−0.11, 0.10), Monounsaturated fat d = 0.00 (−0.11,0.10) Polyunsaturated fat d = 0.00 (−0.10,0.10) Trans fatty acid d = 0.00 (−0.10,0.10) | 7 day food diary | – |
Christian 2014 | Total fat intake d = 0.02 (−0.13, 0.18) | 24 h recall | – |
Crepinsek 2006 | Total fat d = −0.11(−0.17, −0.04) Saturated fat Mean diff = −0.20% (% of total energy) | 24 h recall | + |
School studies with parent component | |||
Anderson 2005 | Fat as % energy Mean diff = −0.1% | 3 day food diary | – |
Caballero 2003 Pathways study | Total Fat Mean diff = −2.5% (−3.9,-1.1) Total fat at lunch Mean diff = −4.2% (−7.1,-1.3) (% of total energy) | Direct observation, 24 h recall | + |
Cohen 2014 | Energy from saturated fat d = −0.02 (−0.21, 0.17) | 24 h recall, Modified FFQ | – |
Evans 2012 | Total fat Mean diff = 1.2 g/day (−2.8,5.1), Saturated fat Mean diff = 0.0 g/day (−1.5,1.5) | 24 h recall | – |
Greening 2011 | Reduced dietary fat d = 0.33 (0.15, 0.52) | Child dietary fat questionnaire | + |
Hopper 1996 | Saturated fat Mean diff = −0.63 g/day (p > 0.05) | 24 h recall | + |
Kristjansdottir 2010 | Total fat (g/day) d = 0.18 (−0.2,0.56) Saturated Fat d = 0.04 (−0.34, 0.42) Monounsaturated fat d = 0.35 (−0.04, 0.73) PUFA d = 0.03 (−0.35, 0.41) | 3 day weighed food record | +/− |
Leupker 1996 | Fat as % energy d=-0.23 (-0.35, -0.11) Monounsaturated fat d= -0.15 (-0.26, 0.03) Saturated fat d=-0.20 (-0.32, -0.09) Polyunsaturated fat d=- 0.16, (-0.28, 0.045) (All % Total energy) | 24 h recall | + |