The effect of a micronutrient powder home fortification program on anemia and cognitive outcomes among young children in rural China: a cluster randomized trial

Table 6 Effects of multiple micronutrient powder provision on heamoglobin (Hb) concentration, anaemia prevalence, and Bayley mental and psychomotor development scores by experimental assignment in first period

	Hb concentration (g/L)¹		Anemia prevalence (Hb <110 g/L)¹		Bayley MDI (points)²		Bayley PDI (points)²
Trial arms compared	Difference (95% CI)	P value	Marginal effect (95% CI)	P- value	Difference (95% CI)	P- value	Marginal effect (95% CI)	P- value
Free vs control after 6 months follow-up³	1.840 (− 0.189–3.868)	0.075	− 0.048 (− 0.129–0.034)	0.252	3.025 (0.443–5. 606)	0.022*	− 1.624 (− 5.166–1.918)	0.368
Free vs control after 12 months³	− 0.502 (− 2.760–1.757)	0.662	0.026 (− 0.056–0.108)	0.535	1.978 (− 0.899–4.855)	0.177	− 0.846 (− 3.807–2.114)	0.574
Free vs control after 18 months³	− 0.718 (− 2.930–1.494)	0.524	0.026 (− 0.054–0.107)	0.523	2.808 (− 0.159–5.774)	0.064	− 0.162 (− 2.785–2.419)	0.902
Text vs control after 6 months⁴	1.715 (− 0.347–3.777)	0.103	− 0.069 (− 0.146–0.007)	0.075	1.423 (− 1.184–4.030)	0.284	1.061 (− 2.379–4.501)	0.544
Text vs control after 12 months ⁴	0.266 (− 2.220–2.752)	0.833	0.042 (− 0.046–0.129)	0.348	− 0.70 (− 3.788–2.389)	0.656	− 0.062 (− 2.886–2.763)	0.966
Text vs control after 18 months ⁴	0.936 (−1.419–3.290)	0.435	− 0.027 (− 0.110–0.056)	0.526	− 0.776 (− 3.90–2.348)	0.626	0.347 (− 2.600–3.294)	0.817
R-squared	0.14		0.10		0.27		0.21
Observations	6092		6092		6204		6186

¹ Intention to treat analysis, and regression estimates from multiple linear models adjusted for gender, age, Hb test machine and county fixed effects. Standard errors are clustered at the village level
² Intention to treat analysis, and regression estimates from multiple linear models adjusted for gender, age, parenting practice (whether caregiver used toys played with child the previous day, sang to child previous day), BSID tester and county fixed effects. Standard errors are clustered at the village level
³ “Free” group received free MNP sachets but not daily text message reminders
⁴ “Text” group received free MNP sachets and daily text message reminders for the first six months of the trial
*p-value < 0.05 significant

ISSN: 1471-2458