Table 6 Associated injuries among adult bicycle traffic accident trauma patients
Original cohort | Propensity score-matched cohort | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Associated injuries | Helmet use Yes n = 76 | Helmet use No n = 647 | Odds ratio (95%) | P | Helmet use Yes n = 76 | Helmet use No n = 76 | Odds ratio (95%) | P |
Head trauma, n (%) | ||||||||
Neurologic deficit | 0(0.0) | 3(0.5) | — | 1.000 | 0(0.0) | 0(0.0) | — | — |
Cranial fracture | 4(5.3) | 37(5.7) | 0.9(0.32–2.64) | 1.000 | 4(5.3) | 5(6.6) | 0.8(0.20–3.06) | 1.000 |
Epidural hematoma (EDH) | 1(1.3) | 34(5.3) | 0.2(0.03–1.78) | 0.163 | 1(1.3) | 5(6.6) | 0.2(0.02–1.66) | 0.209 |
Subdural hematoma (SDH) | 2(2.6) | 95(14.7) | 0.2(0.04–0.65) | 0.004 | 2(2.6) | 10(13.2) | 0.2(0.04–0.84) | 0.031 |
Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) | 8(10.5) | 80(12.4) | 0.8(0.39–1.80) | 0.643 | 8(10.5) | 9(11.8) | 0.9(0.32–2.41) | 0.797 |
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) | 1(1.3) | 16(2.5) | 0.5(0.07–4.02) | 1.000 | 1(1.3) | 0(0.0) | — | 1.000 |
Cerebral contusion | 3(3.9) | 45(7.0) | 0.6(0.17–1.81) | 0.319 | 3(3.9) | 4(5.3) | 0.7(0.16–3.42) | 1.000 |
Cervical vertebra fracture | 2(2.6) | 9(1.4) | 1.9(0.41–9.04) | 0.325 | 2(2.6) | 1(1.3) | 2.0(0.18–22.84) | 1.000 |
Maxillofacial trauma, n (%) | ||||||||
Nasal fracture | 1(1.3) | 5(0.8) | 1.7(0.20–14.85) | 0.488 | 1(1.3) | 2(2.6) | 0.5(0.04–5.56) | 1.000 |
Maxillary fracture | 9(11.8) | 34(5.3) | 2.4(1.11–5.27) | 0.035 | 9(11.8) | 4(5.3) | 2.4(0.71–8.22) | 0.147 |
Mandibular fracture | 2(2.6) | 9(1.4) | 1.9(0.41–9.04) | 0.325 | 2(2.6) | 0(0.0) | — | 0.497 |