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Table 3 Identified IFs and BCTs recommended in policy papers

From: National policies for the promotion of physical activity and healthy nutrition in the workplace context: a behaviour change wheel guided content analysis of policy papers in Finland

Intervention function N (%)

Education 27 (23)

Persuasion 15 (13)

Incentivization 6 (5)

Coercion 2 (2)

Training 2 (2)

Restriction 5 (4)

Env. restructuring 34 (29)

Modelling 1 (1)

Enablement 24 (20)

Total 116 (100%)

BCTs

Examples

N (%)

Goal-setting (behaviour)

Goals and actions are recorded in personal health plans in order of importance.

3 (2)

Goal-setting (outcome)

Goals and actions are recorded in personal health plans in order of importance.

1 (1)

Action-planning

Employees are given a copy of the personal health plan.

2 (1)

Discrepancy between current behaviour and goal

Pointing out the discrepancy between current behaviour and important goals for the patient is aimed at.

3 (2)

Behavioural contract

Goals and actions are recorded in personal health plans in order of importance.

1 (1)

Monitoring of behavioura

Achievement of goals needs to be monitored.

3 (2)

Feedback on behaviour

Monitoring and evaluation of employee lifestyle choices.

3 (2)

Self-monitoringa

Customers are supported in self-monitoring.

1 (1)

Self-monitoring of behaviour

For example, a food diary can be used for planning, following, and monitoring a diet.

4 (2)

Social support (unspecified)

Encouragement to make health promoting choices.

18 (11)

Social support (emotional)

The patient is not criticized but understanding for their reactions is shown and emotions are accepted.

4 (2)

Instructions on how to perform the behaviour

Information can be given by presenting model meals that are compiled of day supply.

20 (12)

Information about antecedents

Factors and resources supporting the change are identified.

1 (1)

Information about health consequences

Physically active lifestyle and healthy nutrition are highlighted as a part of health and well-being.

11 (7)

Demonstration of the behaviour

Supervisors, lead by example.

2 (1)

Prompts/cues

The heart symbol helps to select suitable foods for the recommended diet.

3 (2)

Behavioural practice/rehearsal

For example, selecting healthy foods can be rehearsed in practice.

7 (4)

Behaviour substitution

Instead of sitting, various activities can be done while standing or lightly moving. Lunch, coffee breaks and screen work also work well while standing.

2 (1)

Habit formation

Continue to conduct the change persistently, because new habits turn into practice within couple of weeks or months.

5 (3)

Habit reversal

Change your daily routines one by one so that you reduce sedentary behaviour and take breaks during long sedentary periods.

1 (1)

Generalization of target behaviour

Change your daily routines one by one so that you reduce sedentary behaviour and take breaks during long sedentary periods.

1 (1)

Material incentive

A tax-free compensation for commuting by bicycling paid by the employer.

4 (2)

Social reward

Monitoring and evaluation of employee’s lifestyle choices.

1 (1)

Reduce negative emotions

Change your routines one by one. Keep changing persistently. Be moderate in everything. Heavy work might warrant a rest by sitting or even lying down.

3 (2)

Restructuring the physical environment

Healthiness of catering for meetings is important to take into account.

38 (24)

Restructuring the social environment

Write down rules for reduction and breaking of sedentary behaviour together with different stakeholders in the work community.

11 (7)

Avoidance of exposure to cues for the behaviour

Avoidance of exposure to unnecessary temptations (e.g.energyintensive snack foods are not purchased for the home).

1 (1)

Adding objects to the environment

Local actors enhance opportunities for varying work postures by activating furniture and equipment.

4 (2)

Identification of self as role model

Seminar organizer may encourage the audience into standing ovation - you can be the Trendsetter too!

2 (1)

Incompatible beliefs

Pointing out the discrepancy between current behaviour and important values for the patient is aimed at.

1 (1)

Verbal persuasion about capability

Identification and reinforcement of personal strengths are aimed at. Positive aspects and even small advances are always identified first.

2 (1)

Total number of observed BCTs

 

163 (100%)

  1. Numbers are frequencies. Numbers in parentheses are percentages. aMore general formulation than in BCT Taxonomy (v1)