Table 1 Household, adult, and child characteristics in overall sample and by urban and rural households for American Indian families with young children from five communities
Overall (n = 450) | Geographic region | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Urban (n = 210) | Rural (n = 240) | p-value | ||
Household | ||||
Food Insecure--yes, n (%) | 267 (61.0) | 163 (79.5) | 104 (44.6) | <0.001 |
Education, n (%) | 0.916 | |||
No College | 169 (37.6) | 81 (38.6) | 88 (36.7) | |
Some College/Associates Degree | 235 (52.2) | 108 (51.4) | 127 (52.9) | |
College degree or higher | 46 (10.2) | 21 (10.0) | 25 (10.4) | |
Incomea, n (%) | <0.05 | |||
< $5000 | 132 (30.0) | 72 (34.3) | 60 (26.1) | |
$5000–<$20,000 | 124 (28.2) | 63 (30.0) | 61 (26.5) | |
$20,000–<$35,000 | 94 (21.4) | 44 (21.0) | 50 (21.7) | |
≥ $35,000 | 90 (20.5) | 31 (14.8) | 59 (25.7) | |
Number of children, median (IQR) | 2 (2–3) | 2 (1–3) | 3 (2–3) | <0.01 |
Single adult household--yes, n (%) | 106 (23.6) | 50 (23.8) | 56 (23.3) | 0.906 |
Work outside the home--yes, n (%) | 262 (58.2) | 111 (52.9) | 151 (62.9) | <0.05 |
WIC Participationa--yes, n (%) | 357 (80.9) | 177 (84.7) | 180 (77.6) | 0.058 |
Distance to store (miles), median (IQR) | 5.0 (2.0–19.0) | 2.2 (1.5–5.0) | 15.0 (5.0–30.0) | <0.001 |
Adult | ||||
Age (years), median (IQR) | 30 (25–36) | 29 (25–36) | 30 (25–35) | 0.933 |
Sex--female, n (%) | 426 (94.7) | 202 (96.2) | 224 (93.3) | 0.178 |
Ethnicity, n (%) | <0.001 | |||
American Indian | 368 (81.8) | 162 (77.1) | 206 (85.8) | |
White | 42 (9.3) | 11 (5.2) | 31 (12.9) | |
Hispanic | 29 (6.4) | 29 (13.8) | 0 (0) | |
Other | 11 (2.4) | 8 (3.8) | 3 (1.3) | |
Weight status, n (%) | <0.05 | |||
Normal | 79 (18.7) | 27 (13.5) | 52 (23.3) | |
Overweight | 98 (23.2) | 50 (25.0) | 48 (21.5) | |
Obese | 246 (58.2) | 123 (61.5) | 123 (55.2) | |
Child | ||||
Age (months), median (IQR) | 44.9 (34.1–55.4) | 43.6 (31.5–54.4) | 45.8 (36.4–57.5) | <0.05 |
Sex--female, n (%) | 226 (50.2) | 110 (52.4) | 116 (48.3) | 0.392 |
Ethnicity, n (%) | <0.001 | |||
American Indian | 390 (86.7) | 168 (80.0) | 222 (92.5) | |
White | 24 (5.3) | 7 (3.3) | 17 (7.1) | |
Hispanic | 24 (5.3) | 24 (11.4) | 0 (0) | |
Other | 12 (2.7) | 11 (5.2) | 1 (0.4) | |
Weight status, n (%) | <0.05 | |||
Normal | 271 (60.4) | 142 (67.6) | 129 (54.0) | |
Overweight | 80 (17.8) | 29 (13.8) | 51 (21.3) | |
Obese | 98 (21.8) | 39 (18.6) | 59 (24.7) | |