Race and nativity are major determinants of tuberculosis in the U.S.: evidence of health disparities in tuberculosis incidence in Michigan, 2004–2012

Table 1 Comparison of the distribution of selected demographic and clinical characteristics among those cases included in the study sample to those cases excluded from the study sample

Risk factor	Study sample (n = 1254)		Excluded from study sample (n = 546)		P-Value
Risk factor	N	%	N	%	P-Value
Race
White	419	33.4	199	36.5	<0.0001
Black/African American	525	41.9	196	35.9
Asian	310	24.7	118	21.6
American Indian/Alaskan Native			5	0.92
Native Hawaiian or Other			14	2.6
Unknown			11	2.0
Missing			3	0.55
Age groups (years)
<18			124	22.7	<0.0001
18–64	939	74.9	324	59.3
65+	315	25.1	98	18.0
Gender
Male	750	59.8	297	54.4	0.04
Female	504	40.2	248	45.4
Missing			1	0.18
Nativity
Foreign-born	557	44.4	241	44.1	0.58
US-born	694	55.3	302	55.3
Missing	3	0.24	3	0.55
Site of disease
Pulmonary	880	70.3	308	56.4	<0.0001
Extrapulmonary	275	22.0	188	34.4
Both	97	7.8	46	8.4
Missing	2		4	0.73

Classifications of race, age, gender, nativity, and site of TB disease were defined based on the Report of Verified Case of TB form developed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
P-values are based on the chi-squared test

ISSN: 1471-2458