Table 3 Trends in adiposity and blood pressure parameters by gender
Variables | Overall | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | p-value | p-trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Men, N (%) | 1893 (100) | 389 (20.6) | 300 (15.9) | 504 (26.6) | 700 (36.9) | ||
SBP, mmHg | 120 (12) | 121 (10) | 120 (11) | 118 (12) | 120 (13) | 0.003 | 0.0002 |
DBP, mmHg | 70 (10) | 72 (9) | 72 (10) | 69 (10) | 70 (10) | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
Hypertension, n (%) | 133 (7.0) | 22 (5.7) | 20 (6.7) | 30 (5.9) | 61 (8.7) | 0.160 | 0.063 |
BMI, kg/m2 | 22.9 (2.8) | 22.7 (2.9) | 22.8 (2.8) | 22.8 (2.6) | 23.2 (2.9) | 0.007 | 0.501 |
Obesity, n (%) | 39 (2.1) | 6 (1.5) | 7 (2.3) | 8 (1.6) | 18 (2.6) | 0.551 | 0.336 |
Overweight and obesity, n (%) | 332 (17.5) | 51 (13.1) | 51 (17.0) | 84 (16.7) | 146 (20.9) | 0.012 | 0.002 |
Waist circumference, cm | 76.1 (6.5) | 76.5 (5.8) | 75.9 (6.3) | 76.3 (5.6) | 75.8 (7.4) | 0.320 | 0.639 |
Abdominal obesity, n (%) | 9 (0.5) | 1 (0.3) | 1 (0.3) | 3 (0.6) | 4 (0.6) | 0.843 | 0.429 |
Hip circumference, cm | 94.4 (6.9) | 94.5 (7.5) | 95.4 (6.6) | 93.2 (5.9) | 94.8 (7.1) | <0.0001 | 0.004 |
WHR | 0.81 (0.05) | 0.81 (0.04) | 0.79 (0.04) | 0.82 (0.04) | 0.80 (0.06) | <0.0001 | 0.011 |
WHtR | 0.44 (0.04) | 0.44 (0.04) | 0.43 (0.04) | 0.44 (0.03) | 0.43 (0.04) | 0.065 | 0.424 |
Women, N (%) | 833 (100) | 170 (20.4) | 169 (20.3) | 186 (22.3) | 308 (37.0) | ||
SBP, mmHg | 113 (12) | 114 (11) | 114 (11) | 113 (14) | 113 (13) | 0.565 | 0.241 |
DBP, mmHg | 70 (10) | 71 (10) | 72 (9) | 69 (10) | 70 (10) | 0.007 | 0.009 |
Hypertension, n (%) | 39 (4.7) | 11 (6.5) | 6 (3.6) | 6 (3.2) | 16 (5.2) | 0.426 | 0.700 |
BMI, kg/m2 | 23.7 (4.1) | 23.7 (4.1) | 23.0 (3.9) | 23.5 (3.6) | 24.1 (4.6) | 0.057 | 0.675 |
Obesity, n (%) | 56 (6.7) | 11 (6.5) | 7 (4.2) | 7 (3.8) | 31 (10.1) | 0.020 | 0.064 |
Overweight and obesity, n (%) | 239 (28.7) | 44 (25.9) | 45 (26.8) | 47 (25.3) | 103 (33.4) | 0.144 | 0.068 |
Waist circumference, cm | 75.1 (8.8) | 75.2 (8.8) | 73.7 (8.2) | 75.5 (7.6) | 75.6 (9.7) | 0.149 | 0.709 |
Abdominal obesity, n (%) | 64 (7.8) | 11 (6.5) | 9 (5.6) | 8 (4.3) | 36 (11.7) | 0.011 | 0.027 |
Hip circumference, cm | 98.8 (9.4) | 100.6 (9.9) | 98.3 (9.0) | 97.6 (8.2) | 98.8 (10.0) | 0.018 | 0.002 |
WHR | 0.76 (0.05) | 0.75 (0.05) | 0.75 (0.05) | 0.77 (0.05) | 0.76 (0.05) | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
WHtR | 0.46 (0.05) | 0.46 (0.05) | 0.45 (0.05) | 0.46 (0.05) | 0.46 (0.06) | 0.108 | 0.764 |