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Table 4 Class and participant characteristics, ‘Per Protocol’-analysis

From: Are children participating in a quasi-experimental education outside the classroom intervention more physically active?

Class characteristics

Total population

EOtC group

Comparison group

Difference EOtC vs comparison

p, EOtC vs comparison

Number of schools

10

10

10

0

-

Number of classes

21

11

10

1

-

EOtC days

0.81 ± 0.79

1.36 ± 0.64

0.20 ± 0.40

1.16

0.000 ( n = 21) a

EOtC minutes

169 ± 159

306 ± 89

18 ± 36

288

0.000 ( n = 21) a

Classes with ≥150 min EOtC

11 of 21 (52%)

11 of 11 (100%)

0 of 10 (0%)

11

0.000 ( n = 21) b

Classes with ≥300 min EOtC

5 of 21 (24%)

5 of 11 (45%)

0 of 10 (0%)

5

0.015 ( n = 21) b

Number of participants

430

228

202

26

-

Participants per class

20.5 ± 3.1

20.7 ± 3.3

20.2 ± 2.9

0.5

0.714 (n = 21)a

Participant characteristics

Total population, included participants

Total population, excluded participants

p, total included vs excluded

EOtC group, included participants

Comparison group, included participants

p, included EOtC vs included comparison

Proportion participants in group (%)

258 (60.0)

172 (40.0)

-

143 (62.7)

115 (56.9)

-

Proportion participants in EOtC (%)

143 of 258 (55.4)

87 of 172 (50.6)

0.407 (n = 430)b

-

-

-

Participants per class

12.3 ± 4.3

8.2 ± 4.0

-

13.0 ± 4.4

11.5 ± 4.2

-

Age, years

10.62 ± 0.95

10.88 ± 1.17

0.014 ( n = 373) a

10.55 ± 1.02

10.69 ± 0.88

0.298 (n = 222)a

% girls

61.6

43.6

0.000 ( n = 430) b

65.0

57.4

0.152 (n = 258)b

BMI, kg/m^2

17.3 ± 2.5

18.1 ± 3.1

0.001 ( n = 429) a

17.0 ± 2.2

17.5 ± 2.8

0.166 (n = 258)a

BMI percentile*

45.3 ± 27.5

53.6 ± 28.2

0.006 ( n = 373) a

44.6 ± 25.8

46.1 ± 29.4

0.571 (n = 222)a

% overweight/obese

11.3

17.9

0.034 ( n = 373) b

9.8

13.1

0.366 (n = 222)b

  1. Characteristics reported in mean ± standard deviations unless otherwise stated. p < 0.05 are bolded, n equals sample size included in statistical test and upper case letters refers to following statistical tests: aIndependent samples T-test; bPearson χ2 cross tabulation test; *BMI percentile classification based on [27]