Table 4 Comparison of baseline child and parental characteristics of children who remained uninsured vs. those obtaining health insurance at one-year follow-up (N = 237)
Characteristic | Mean or % At Baseline | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Uninsured (N = 41) | Insured (N = 196) | P | |
Mean age of child, years (range) | 9.4 (1–18) | 6.9 (1–18) | <.01 |
Child born in US | 90% | 98% | <.01 |
Mean months without insurance (range) | 21.2 (2–108) | 12.7 (1–132) | .02 |
Median months without insurance (IPR95 a) | 15 (1, 108) | 6 (1, 108) | .02 |
Child has special-care needs | 71% | 56% | .08 |
Gender of child | .12 | ||
Male | 61% | 47% | |
Female | 39% | 53% | |
Type of insurance that uninsured child had in past | .12 | ||
Medicaid | 73% | 76% | |
CHIP | 16% | 12% | |
Private | 8% | 12% | |
Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Socialb | 3% | 0% | |
Race/ethnicity of primary caregiver | .13 | ||
Latino | 66% | 64% | |
African-American | 32% | 34% | |
White | 2% | 2% | |
Primary caregiver’s relationship to child | .17 | ||
Mother | 85% | 92% | |
Father | 2% | 4% | |
Other | 12% | 5% | |
Child ever had health insurance before | 90% | 95% | .19 |
Primary caregiver has health insurance | 35% | 25% | .20 |
Mean combined annual family income, (range) | $24,078 ($42,00, $56,000) | $21,648 ($0, $64,000) | .24 |
Gender of primary caregiver | .28 | ||
Male | 7% | 4% | |
Female | 93% | 96% | |
Primary caregiver has limited English proficiency | 54% | 45% | .33 |
Primary caregiver born in US | 41% | 49% | .35 |
Marital status of primary caregiver | .46 | ||
Married, living with spouse | 46% | 34% | |
Single | 15% | 22% | |
Married, separated from spouse | 17% | 14% | |
Living with partner | 2% | 10% | |
Common-law marriage | 7% | 9% | |
Divorced | 7% | 9% | |
Widowed | 6% | 2% | |
Primary caregiver’s health status | .55 | ||
Excellent | 10% | 17% | |
Very good | 16% | 24% | |
Good | 42% | 38% | |
Fair | 26% | 17% | |
Poor | 6% | 4% | |
Primary caregiver aware that child is eligible for Medicaid or CHIP | 49% | 53% | .77 |
Number of children in household | .81 | ||
1 | 32% | 28% | |
2 | 27% | 36% | |
≥ 3 | 41% | 36% | |
Primary caregiver’s educational attainment | .90 | ||
Not high-school graduate | 63% | 64% | |
High-school graduate or at least some college | 37% | 36% | |
Race/ethnicity of child | .94 | ||
Latino | 66% | 65% | |
African-American | 34% | 35% | |
Number of adults in household | .94 | ||
1 | 27% | 31% | |
2 | 46% | 40% | |
≥ 3 | 27% | 29% | |
Primary caregiver unemployed | 58% | 54% | .95 |
Type of insurance that primary caregiver hasc | .95 | ||
Private | 55% | 40% | |
Public | 45% | 54% | |
Other | 0% | 6% | |